{"id":1516,"date":"2014-10-21T16:47:52","date_gmt":"2014-10-21T16:47:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/?p=1516"},"modified":"2014-10-21T16:47:52","modified_gmt":"2014-10-21T16:47:52","slug":"%e4%b8%80%e4%ba%9bpython%e7%89%87%e6%ae%b5_6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/archives\/1516.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u4e9bPython\u7247\u6bb5_6"},"content":{"rendered":"
1.Python\u7684ftplib\u6a21\u5757<\/h5>\n

\u5148\u770b\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

def ftp_anon(host):\n    try:\n        print 'n[+] \u6d4b\u8bd5\u533f\u540d\u767b\u9646\u2026\u2026n'\n        ftp = ftplib.FTP()\n        ftp.connect(host, 21, 10)\n        ftp.login()\n        ftp.retrlines('LIST')\n        ftp.quit()\n        print 'n[+] \u533f\u540d\u767b\u9646\u6210\u529f\u2026\u2026'\n    except ftplib.all_errors:\n        print 'n[-] \u533f\u540d\u767b\u9646\u5931\u8d25\u2026\u2026'\n\ndef ftp_crack(host, user, pwd):\n    try:\n        ftp = ftplib.FTP()\n        ftp.connect(host, 21, 10)\n        ftp.login(user, pwd)\n        ftp.retrlines('LIST')\n        ftp.quit()\n        print 'n[+] \u767b\u9646\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff1a' + user + ' \u5bc6\u7801\uff1a' + pwd\n    except ftplib.all_errors:\n        pass<\/pre>\n
ftp = ftplib.FTP() \u00a0#\u8fd4\u56deFTP\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n
ftp.connect(host, 21, 10) \u00a0#\u8fde\u63a5host\u768421\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u53d6timeout\u4e3a10<\/p>\n
ftp.retrlines(‘LIST’) \u00a0#\u4ee5ASCII\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u76ee\u5f55\/\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n
\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\uff1a20.8. ftplib \u2014 FTP protocol client \u2014 Python 2.7.8 documentation<\/a><\/p>\n
2.Python\u7684socket\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h5>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u901a\u8fc7gethostbyname\u83b7\u53d6\u57df\u540d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684IP(s)<\/p>\n
host = socket.gethostbyname('ixyzero.com')<\/pre>\n
In [10]: socket.gethostbyname?\nType:        builtin_function_or_method\nString form: <built-in function gethostbyname>\nDocstring:\ngethostbyname(host) -> address\n\nReturn the IP address (a string of the form '255.255.255.255') for a host.\n\nIn [11]: socket.gethostbyname_ex?\nType:        builtin_function_or_method\nString form: <built-in function gethostbyname_ex>\nDocstring:\ngethostbyname_ex(host) -> (name, aliaslist, addresslist)\n\nReturn the true host name, a list of aliases, and a list of IP addresses,\nfor a host.  The host argument is a string giving a host name or IP number.\n\nIn [12]: baidu = socket.gethostbyname('www.baidu.com')\n\nIn [13]: type(baidu)\nOut[13]: str\n\nIn [14]: print baidu\n220.181.112.244\n\nIn [15]: baidu2 = socket.gethostbyname_ex('www.baidu.com')\n\nIn [16]: type(baidu2)\nOut[16]: tuple\n\n\nIn [17]: print baidu2\n('www.a.shifen.com', ['www.baidu.com'], ['220.181.112.244', '220.181.111.188'])\n\nIn [18]: for item in baidu2[2]: print item\n220.181.112.244\n220.181.111.188<\/pre>\n
import socket\nresult = socket.getaddrinfo('www.baidu.com', None, 0, socket.SOCK_STREAM)\ncounter = 1\nfor item in result:\n    print \"%-2d: %s\" % (counter, item[4])\n    counter += 1<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
3.Python\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u53bb\u91cd\/\u8ba1\u6570&\u6392\u5e8f<\/h5>\n
def get_counts(sequence):\n    counts = {}\n    for x in sequence:\n        if x in counts:\n            counts[x] += 1\n        else:\n            counts[x] = 1\n    return counts\n####\nfrom collections import defaultdict\ndef get_counts2(sequence):\n    counts = defaultdict(int)\n    for x in sequence:\n        counts[x] += 1\n    return counts\n####<\/pre>\n
dict_str = {'blue':'5555@sina.com', 'allen':'222@163.com', 'sophia':'4444@gmail.com', 'ceen':'blue@263.net'}\nprint dict_str\n# \u6309\u7167key\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nprint sorted(dict_str.items(), key=lambda d:d[0])\n# \u6309\u7167value\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\nprint sorted(dict_str.items(), key=lambda d:d[1])\n\nfor key, value in dict_str.items():\n\tprint key, value<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
4.Python\u4e2d\u51fd\u6570\u4ea6\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h5>\n
####\u51fd\u6570\u4ea6\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61####\nstates = ['  Alabama ', 'Georgia!', 'Georgia', 'georgia', 'south    carolina##', ' West virginia?', 'New York .', 'China.', 'Beijing...']\n\nimport re\ndef clean_stings(strings):\n    result = []\n    for value in strings:\n        value = value.strip()\n        value = re.sub('[!#?]', '', value)\n        value = value.title()\n        result.append(value)\n    return result\nclean_stings(states)\n\ndef remove_punctuation(value):\n    return re.sub('[!?#]', '', value)\nclean_ops = [str.strip, remove_punctuation, str.title]\ndef clean_stings2(strings, ops):\n    result = []\n    for value in strings:\n        for function in ops:\n            value = function(value)\n        result.append(value)\n    return result\nclean_stings2(states, clean_ops)\n\nmap(remove_punctuation, states) #\u5185\u7f6e\u7684map\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u70b9\u725b\u903c\u554a!<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
5.Python\u4e2d\u7684\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f{\u8d85\u8d5e\uff01}<\/h5>\n
#\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\nstrings = ['a', 'as', 'a', 'bad', 'boy', 'Python']\n[x.upper() for x in strings]\n[x.upper() for x in strings if len(x)>2]\n\n#\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\ndict_map = {key:value for key, value in enumerate(strings)}\ndict_map = dict((value, key) for key, value in enumerate(strings))\ndef file_2_dict(fileName):\n    return {k.strip():v.strip() for k, v in (l.split('=') for l in open(fileName))}\n\n#\u96c6\u5408\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\nset_map = {key for key in strings}\n\n#\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\nall_data = [['Tom', 'Jerry', 'Lily', 'Lucy', 'Hello,world', 'Jefferson', 'Steven', 'Joe', 'Bill'], ['Susie', 'Cookie', 'Qunar', 'Baidu', 'Notepad', 'Apple', 'Alibaba']]\nnames_of_interset = []\nfor names in all_data:\n    enough = [name for name in names if name.count('e')>2]\n    names_of_interset.extend(enough)\n\nnames2 = [name for names in all_data for name in names if name.count('e') > 2]\nnames3 = [name for names in all_data for name in names]<\/pre>\n
 <\/p>\n
6.Python\u7684encode\u548cdecode\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h5>\n
\u5148\u6765\u4e00\u4e2aWindows\u4e0b\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e71\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
import sys\ndef encode(s):\n    return s.decode('utf-8').encode(sys.stdout.encoding, 'ignore')<\/pre>\n
\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5148\u5c06\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32s\u8fdb\u884cutf8\u89e3\u7801\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec8\u7aef\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eWindows\u4e0b\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u663e\u793a\u6548\u679c\u5f88\u597d\uff1b<\/p>\n
Python\u5185\u5efa\u7684encode()\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5 encoding \u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u7f16\u7801\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002errors\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6848\u3002
\n\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1astr.encode(encoding=’UTF-8′,errors=’strict’)
\nencoding — \u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5982”UTF-8″\u3002
\nerrors — \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a ‘strict’,\u610f\u4e3a\u7f16\u7801\u9519\u8bef\u5f15\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2aUnicodeError\u3002 \u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u503c\u6709 ‘ignore’, ‘replace’, ‘xmlcharrefreplace’, ‘backslashreplace’ \u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7 codecs.register_error() \u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u76f8\u5173\u7684Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5f00\u5934\u6dfb\u52a0\uff1a<\/p>\n
import sys\nreload(sys)\nsys.setdefaultencoding('utf8')<\/pre>\n
\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728Python2.5\u53ca\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e4b\u540e\u4f1a\u5220\u9664 sys.setdefaultencoding \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u8f7d\u5165reload(sys)\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624b\u52a8\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
In [26]: import sys\n\nIn [27]: print sys.stdout.encoding\ncp936\n\nIn [28]: a = 'string...'\n\nIn [29]: a.encode?\nType:        builtin_function_or_method\nString form: <built-in method encode of str object at 0x033E41C0>\nDocstring:\nS.encode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object\n\nEncodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults\nto the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error\nhandling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise\na UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and\n'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with\ncodecs.register_error that is able to handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.\nencoding\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c06s\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684strict\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4UnicodeEncodeError\u9519\u8bef\n\nIn [30]: s = '\u4e2d\u56fd'\n\nIn [31]: print s\n\u6d93\ue15e\u6d57\n\nIn [32]: type(s)\nOut[32]: str\n\nIn [33]: repr(s)\nOut[33]: \"'\\xe4\\xb8\\xad\\xe5\\x9b\\xbd'\"\n\nIn [34]: s.en\ns.encode   s.endswith\n\nIn [34]: s.encode('gb2312')\n---------------------------------------------------------------------------\nUnicodeDecodeError                        Traceback (most recent call last)\n<ipython-input-34-d73c576b1830> in <module>()\n----> 1 s.encode('gb2312')\n\nUnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe4 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)\n'''\n\u8fd9\u91cc\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\uff1aPython \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u5148\u5c06 s \u89e3\u7801\u4e3a unicode \uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u7f16\u7801\u6210 gb2312\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u89e3\u7801\u662fpython\u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u660e\u89e3\u7801\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cpython \u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 sys.defaultencoding \u6307\u660e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u89e3\u7801\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b sys.defaultencoding \u662f ASCII\uff0c\u5982\u679c s \u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u9519\u3002\n'''\n\nIn [35]: s.decode('utf-8').encode('gb2312')\nOut[35]: 'xd6xd0xb9xfa'\n\nIn [36]: sys.stdout.encoding\nOut[36]: 'cp936'\n\nIn [37]: s.decode('utf-8')\nOut[37]: u'u4e2du56fd'\n\nIn [38]: s.decode('utf-8').encode('utf-8')\nOut[38]: 'xe4xb8xadxe5x9bxbd'\n\nIn [39]: s.decode?\nType:        builtin_function_or_method\nString form: <built-in method decode of str object at 0x034F39C0>\nDocstring:\nS.decode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object\n\nDecodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults\nto the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error\nhandling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise\na UnicodeDecodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore' and 'replace'\nas well as any other name registered with codecs.register_error that is\nable to handle UnicodeDecodeErrors.\n\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u660e\u89e3\u7801\u65b9\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0cPython \u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 sys.defaultencoding \u6307\u660e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u89e3\u7801\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b sys.defaultencoding \u662f ASCII\uff0c\u5982\u679c s \u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u9519\u3002<\/pre>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/h6>\n