\u6700\u8fd1\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6293\u5305\u91cd\u7ec4\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5199\u5b8c\u4e86\u4e4b\u540e\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6293\u5305\u6027\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u4e22\u5305\u7387\uff0c\u8fd9\u70b9\u5f02\u5e38\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e22\u5305\u7387\u9ad8\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u4f55\u4e86\u89e3\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u901f\u7f51\u7edcI\/O\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e22\u5305\u7387\u5462\uff1f\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u548ctcpdump\u7684\u6293\u5305\u6548\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u4e3atcpdump\u5e95\u5c42\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u662flibpcap\u5e93\uff0c\u5f53\u7f51\u7edcI\/O\u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e22\u5305\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u6709\u5f85\u5546\u69b7\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u83b7\u53d6\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\u4e5f\u8f83\u4e3a\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\u7684\u662f\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u2014\u2014\u8bfb\u6587\u4ef6\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u6362\u7b97\u5c31\u884c\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8f83\u4e3a\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u51c6\u786e\u5462\uff1f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u662f\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u50cftcpdump\u90a3\u6837\u6839\u636e\u67d0\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u603b\u6570\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u76f8\u6bd4\u503c\u8981\u504f\u5927\u4e00\u4e9b\uff09\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e00\u4e0b\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
\/proc\/net\/dev\n\n\/proc\/net\/raw -- RAW socket information\n\/proc\/net\/tcp -- TCP socket information\n\/proc\/net\/udp -- UDP socket information\n\n\/sys\/class\/net\/eth0\/statistics\/rx_bytes\n\/sys\/class\/net\/eth0\/statistics\/rx_packets\n\/sys\/class\/net\/eth0\/statistics\/tx_bytes\n\/sys\/class\/net\/eth0\/statistics\/tx_packets<\/pre>\n==<\/p>\n
There are many traffic monitoring tools available on\u00a0Linux, which can monitor\/classify network traffic, and report real-time traffic statistics in fancy user interfaces. Most of these tools (e.g.,\u00a0ntopng<\/a>,\u00a0iftop<\/a>) are powered by\u00a0libpcap<\/a>, which is a packet capture library used to monitor network traffic in user space. Despite their versatility, however,\u00a0libpcap-based network monitoring tools cannot scale to handle traffic on multi Gigabit rate network interfaces, due to the overhead associated with user-space packet capture.\uff08\u867d\u7136\u57fa\u4e8elibpcap\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u529f\u80fd\u9f50\u5168\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u6001\u6293\u5305\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5148\u5929\u6027\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u6269\u5c55\u53bb\u5904\u7406Gigabit\u901f\u7387\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n
In this tutorial, I will present simple shell scripts that can\u00a0monitor network traffic on per-interface basis, without relying on slow libpcap library<\/strong>. These scripts are fast enough to support multi Gigabit rates, but only suitable if you are interested in “aggregate” network statistics on per interface basis.\uff08\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u811a\u672c\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u7f51\u5361\u6d41\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff09<\/p>\n
The secret for the scripts lies in\u00a0sysfs<\/a>\u00a0virtual filesystem which is used by the kernel to export device- or driver-related information to user space. Network interface related statistics are exported via \/sys\/class\/net\/<ethX>\/statistics.\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u5c06\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u9a71\u52a8\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5bfc\u51fa\u81f3\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684 sysfs \u865a\u62df\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff09<\/p>\n
For example, the statistics on eth0 interface are found in these files:<\/p>\n
\n
- \/sys\/class\/net\/eth0\/statistics\/rx_packets:<\/strong>\u00a0number of packets received<\/li>\n
- \/sys\/class\/net\/eth0\/statistics\/tx_packets:<\/strong>\u00a0number of packets transmitted<\/li>\n
- \/sys\/class\/net\/eth0\/statistics\/rx_bytes:<\/strong>\u00a0number of bytes received<\/li>\n
- \/sys\/class\/net\/eth0\/statistics\/tx_bytes:<\/strong>\u00a0number of bytes transmitted<\/li>\n
- \/sys\/class\/net\/eth0\/statistics\/rx_dropped:<\/strong>\u00a0number of packets dropped while received<\/li>\n
- \/sys\/class\/net\/eth0\/statistics\/tx_dropped:<\/strong>\u00a0number of packets dropped while transmitted<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
The numbers stored in the files are automatically refreshed in real-time by the kernel. Therefore, you can write scripts that calculate traffic statistics based on these files.<\/p>\n
The following are two such scripts (thanks to\u00a0joemiller<\/a>). The first script\u00a0counts the number of packets per second, received (RX) or sent (TX) on an interface<\/strong>, while the latter scripts\u00a0measures the network bandwidth of incoming (RX) and outgoing (TX) traffic on an interface<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
Reference:<\/h6>\n
http:\/\/xmodulo.com\/measure-packets-per-second-throughput-high-speed-network-interface.html<\/a><\/p>\n
#!\/bin\/bash\n\ninterval=\"1\" # update interval in seconds\ninterface_name=$(awk '$1 !~ \/lo\/' \/proc\/net\/dev | awk 'BEGIN{max=0} {if($2+0 > max+0) max=$2 fi} END{print $1}' | awk -F':' '{print $1}')\n\nwhile true\ndo\n\tR1=`cat \/sys\/class\/net\/$interface_name\/statistics\/rx_packets`\n\tT1=`cat \/sys\/class\/net\/$interface_name\/statistics\/tx_packets`\n\trb1=`cat \/sys\/class\/net\/$interface_name\/statistics\/rx_bytes`\n\ttb1=`cat \/sys\/class\/net\/$interface_name\/statistics\/tx_bytes`\n\tsleep $interval\n\tR2=`cat \/sys\/class\/net\/$interface_name\/statistics\/rx_packets`\n\tT2=`cat \/sys\/class\/net\/$interface_name\/statistics\/tx_packets`\n\trb2=`cat \/sys\/class\/net\/$interface_name\/statistics\/rx_bytes`\n\ttb2=`cat \/sys\/class\/net\/$interface_name\/statistics\/tx_bytes`\n\tTXPPS=`expr $T2 - $T1`\n\tRXPPS=`expr $R2 - $R1`\n\tTBPS=`expr $tb2 - $tb1`\n\tRBPS=`expr $rb2 - $rb1`\n\tTKBPS=`expr $TBPS \/ 1024`\n\tRKBPS=`expr $RBPS \/ 1024`\n\techo -e \"Send $interface_name: $TXPPS pkts\/s\\tRecv $interface_name: $RXPPS pkts\/s\"\n\techo -e \"Send $interface_name: $TKBPS KB\/s\\tRecv $interface_name: $RKBPS KB\/s\"\ndone<\/pre>\n==<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/h6>\n
\n
- How to measure packets per second or throughput on high speed network interface – Xmodulo<\/a><\/li>\n
- http:\/\/serverfault.com\/questions\/533513\/how-to-get-tx-rx-bytes-without-ifconfig<\/a><\/li>\n
- http:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/349576\/linux-retrieve-per-interface-sent-received-packet-counters-ethernet-ipv4-ipv<\/a><\/li>\n
- http:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/3521678\/linux-what-are-means-of-fields-in-proc-net-dev<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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