{"id":3243,"date":"2017-03-07T16:01:00","date_gmt":"2017-03-07T08:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/?p=3243"},"modified":"2017-03-07T16:01:01","modified_gmt":"2017-03-07T08:01:01","slug":"%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%ba%94%e6%80%a5%e5%93%8d%e5%ba%94%e6%a3%80%e6%9f%a5%e6%b8%85%e5%8d%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/archives\/3243.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u6025\u54cd\u5e94\u68c0\u67e5\u6e05\u5355"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>=Start=<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u5e94\u6025\u54cd\u5e94\u6d41\u7a0b-\u7f18\u7531\uff1a\">\u7f18\u7531\uff1a<\/h4>\n<p>\u51e1\u4e8b\u9884\u5219\u7acb\uff0c\u4e0d\u9884\u5219\u5e9f\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u5e94\u6025\u54cd\u5e94\u6d41\u7a0b-\u6b63\u6587\uff1a\">\u6b63\u6587\uff1a<\/h4>\n<h5 id=\"Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u5e94\u6025\u54cd\u5e94\u6d41\u7a0b-\u53c2\u8003\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a\">\u53c2\u8003\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a<\/h5>\n<h6>\u51e0\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u539f\u5219\uff1a<\/h6>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4e0d\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u4e8c\u6b21\u4f24\u5bb3\uff08\u7cfb\u7edf\u6545\u969c\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e22\u5931\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u9700\u8981\u53ca\u65f6\u4fdd\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h6>\u9700\u8981\u7684\u51c6\u5907\uff1a<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9759\u6001\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u00a0<code>w\/last\/lastb\/lastlog\/ps\/top\/ss\/netstat\/lsof\/find\/rpm<\/code>\u00a0\u7b49\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u5de5\u5177\/\u811a\u672c\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6>\u64cd\u4f5c\u5206\u7c7b\uff1a<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li>Unusual Processes and Services\uff08\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u670d\u52a1\uff09<\/li>\n<li>Unusual Files\uff08\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff09<\/li>\n<li>Unusual Network Usage\uff08\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff09<\/li>\n<li>Unusual Scheduled Tasks\uff08\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\uff09<\/li>\n<li>Unusual Accounts\uff08\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u8d26\u6237\uff09<\/li>\n<li>Unusual Log Entries\uff08\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\uff09<\/li>\n<li>Other Unusual Items\uff08\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff09<\/li>\n<li>Additional Supporting Tools\uff08\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u652f\u6491\u5de5\u5177\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h6>\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u8d26\u6237\uff1a<\/h6>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\">\u67e5\u770b \/etc\/passwd \u4e2d\u7684\u8d26\u6237\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636eUID\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\r\n# sort -nk3 -t: \/etc\/passwd | less\r\n\u5e38\u89c4\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u6ce8\u610f\u90a3\u4e9b UID &lt; 500 \u7684\u8d26\u6237\u3002\r\n\r\n\u67e5\u770b\u5f02\u5e38\u7684 UID\u4e3a0 \u7684\u8d26\u6237\uff1a\r\n# egrep ':0+:' \/etc\/passwd\r\n\r\nOn systems that use multiple authentication methods:\r\n# getent passwd | egrep ':0+:'\r\n\r\n\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u300c\u5b64\u513f\u6587\u4ef6\u300d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u8d26\u6237\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff1a\r\n# find \/ -nouser -print<\/pre>\n<h6>\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/h6>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># top\r\n# ps -aux\r\n# lsof -p $pid\r\n# chkconfig --list<\/pre>\n<h6>\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/h6>\n<p>\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u00a0<code>rpm -Va<\/code>\u00a0\u8fdb\u884cpackages\u6821\u9a8c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># rpm -Va | sort<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u548cRPM\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3001MD5\u503c\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5c5e\u4e3b\u3001\u5c5e\u7ec4\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\">S \u2013 File size differs\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff09\r\nM \u2013 Mode differs(permissions)\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\/\u6a21\u5f0f\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff09\r\n5 \u2013 MD5 sum differs\uff08\u6587\u4ef6MD5\u503c\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff09\r\nD \u2013 Device number mismatch\uff08\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff09\r\nL \u2013 readLink path mismatch\uff08readLink\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff09\r\nU \u2013 user ownership differs\uff08\u7528\u6237\u6240\u6709\u8005\u4e0d\u540c\uff09\r\nG \u2013 group ownership differs\uff08\u5c5e\u7ec4\u6240\u6709\u8005\u4e0d\u540c\uff09\r\nT \u2013 modification time differs\uff08\u6587\u4ef6\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff09<\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728 \/sbin, \/bin, \/usr\/sbin, \u548c \/usr\/bin \u7b49\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8981\u5c24\u5176\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\u5728\u90e8\u5206Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u00a0<code>check-packages<\/code>\u00a0\u811a\u672c\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u67e5\u627e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u94fe\u63a5\u6570\u5f02\u5e38\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u94fe\u63a5\u6570\u4e3a0\uff09\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u95e8\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># lsof +L1<\/pre>\n<p>\u67e5\u627e\u5f02\u5e38\u7684SUID(root)\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># find \/ -uid 0 -perm -4000 -print<\/pre>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u6700\u8fd1\u90fd\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># ls -alt \/\r\n# find \/\u00a0-mtime\u00a0-2d\u00a0-print0 | xargs -0 ls -lt<\/pre>\n<p>\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e2d\u6709\u300c\u7a7a\u683c\u300d\u3001\u300c\u70b9\u300d\u7684\u4f2a\u88c5\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># find \/ -name \" \" -print\r\n# find \/ -name \".. \" -print\r\n# find \/ -name \". \" -print<\/pre>\n<p>\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\uff08&gt;10MB\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># find \/ -size +10000k -print<\/pre>\n<h6>\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/h6>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u5426\u5904\u4e8e\u6df7\u6742\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># ip link | grep PROMISC<\/pre>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># \u67e5\u627e\u5f02\u5e38\u7aef\u53e3\u76d1\u542c\u60c5\u51b5\r\n# netstat -nap\r\n# ss -pln\r\n\r\n# \u67e5\u770b\u662f\u54ea\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u4e86\u54ea\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\r\n# lsof -i<\/pre>\n<p>\u67e5\u770bARP\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># arp -a<\/pre>\n<p>\u67e5\u770bDNS\u548chosts\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># vim \/etc\/resolv.conf\r\n# vim \/etc\/hosts<\/pre>\n<h6>\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/h6>\n<p>\u67e5\u627e\u5f02\u5e38\u7684root\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># crontab -u root -l<\/pre>\n<p>\u67e5\u627e\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># cat \/etc\/crontab\r\n# ls -lt \/etc\/cron.*<\/pre>\n<p>\u67e5\u627e\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># ls -lt \/etc\/rc*.d<\/pre>\n<h6>\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6761\u76ee\uff1a<\/h6>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \"># w\r\n# last\r\n# lastb\r\n# lastlog\r\n# ls -lt \/var\/log\/\r\n# vim \/var\/log\/messages\r\n# vim \/var\/log\/secure<\/pre>\n<h6>\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/h6>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true\"># uptime\r\n# free -m\r\n# df -h\r\n# df -hi<\/pre>\n<h6>\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u652f\u6491\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li>Chkrootkit<\/li>\n<li>Tripwire<\/li>\n<li>AIDE<\/li>\n<li>The Center for Internet Security<\/li>\n<li>The free Bastille Script<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 id=\"Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u5e94\u6025\u54cd\u5e94\u6d41\u7a0b-\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a\">\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sans.org\/media\/score\/checklists\/ID-Linux.pdf\">https:\/\/www.sans.org\/media\/score\/checklists\/ID-Linux.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>=END=<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>=Start= \u7f18\u7531\uff1a \u51e1\u4e8b\u9884\u5219\u7acb\uff0c\u4e0d\u9884\u5219\u5e9f\u3002 \u6b63\u6587\uff1a \u53c2\u8003\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a \u51e0\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u539f\u5219\uff1a \u4e0d\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u4e8c\u6b21\u4f24\u5bb3\uff08\u7cfb\u7edf\u6545\u969c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,11,25,12],"tags":[89,332,523,750],"class_list":["post-3243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledgebase-2","category-linux","category-security","category-tools","tag-find","tag-lsof","tag-rpm","tag-750"],"views":14519,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3243","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3243"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3243\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3244,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3243\/revisions\/3244"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3243"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3243"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3243"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}