{"id":3408,"date":"2017-07-15T19:31:24","date_gmt":"2017-07-15T11:31:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/?p=3408"},"modified":"2017-07-21T20:24:55","modified_gmt":"2017-07-21T12:24:55","slug":"centos%e4%b8%8baudit%e7%9a%84%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/archives\/3408.html","title":{"rendered":"CentOS\u4e0baudit\u7684\u4f7f\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>=Start=<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"CentOS6\u4e0baudit\u7684\u4f7f\u7528-\u7f18\u7531\uff1a\">\u7f18\u7531\uff1a<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u522b\u4eba\u76d7\u53d6\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u523b\u5173\u6ce8\u5b83\u3002\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u5305\u62ec\u5f88\u591a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5ba1\u8ba1\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb auditd \u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u4e48auditd \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5462\uff1f\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"CentOS6\u4e0baudit\u7684\u4f7f\u7528-\u6b63\u6587\uff1a\">\u6b63\u6587\uff1a<\/h4>\n<h5 id=\"CentOS6\u4e0baudit\u7684\u4f7f\u7528-\u53c2\u8003\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a\">\u53c2\u8003\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a<\/h5>\n<div class=\"para\">audit\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\u6839\u636e\u4e00\u7ec4\u89c4\u5219\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u7ec4\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6240\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"para\">\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u5219 \u2014 \u5141\u8bb8\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li class=\"para\">\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c4\u5219 \u2014 \u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u76d1\u89c6\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5ba1\u8ba1\u8bfb\u5199\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u8fdb\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<li class=\"para\">\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u89c4\u5219 \u2014 \u5141\u8bb8\u8bb0\u5f55\u4efb\u4f55\u6307\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u505a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"para\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<span class=\"application\"><strong>auditctl<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08\u4f46\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7528 auditctl \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u4f1a\u5728auditd\/\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u4e22\u5931\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5199\u5728\u00a0<code class=\"filename\">\/etc\/audit\/audit.rules<\/code>\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u3002<\/span>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08auditctl\u548caudit.rules\uff09\uff1a<\/div>\n<h5 class=\"para\">\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<span class=\"application\"><strong>auditctl<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u5ba1\u6838\u89c4\u5219<\/h5>\n<div>\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"note\">\n<div class=\"admonition_header\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u6ce8\u610f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u5ba1\u6838\u670d\u52a1\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u53ca\u5ba1\u6838\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u9700\u8981 root \u7279\u6743\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a root \u7528\u6237\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<code class=\"command\">auditctl<\/code>\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u63a7\u5236\u5ba1\u6838\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\u5e76\u4e14\u9650\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u5ba1\u6838\u9879\u76ee\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u5219\uff08-b\/-f\/-e\/-r\/-s\/-l\/-D\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u4fee\u6539\u5ba1\u6838\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff1a<\/div>\n<div class=\"variablelist\">\n<dl class=\"variablelist\">\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"option\">-b<\/code><\/span><\/dt>\n<dd>\n<div class=\"para\">\u5728 Kernel \u4e2d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6700\u5927\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5ba1\u6838\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]#\u00a0auditctl -b 8192<\/pre>\n<\/dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"option\">-f<\/code><\/span><\/dt>\n<dd>\n<div class=\"para\">\u5f53\u8ffd\u8e2a\u91cd\u8981\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6240\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]#\u00a0auditctl -f 2<\/pre>\n<div class=\"para\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u89e6\u53d1 kernel panic \u4ee5\u9632\u91cd\u8981\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/div>\n<\/dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"option\">-e<\/code><\/span><\/dt>\n<dd>\n<div class=\"para\">\u542f\u52a8\u6216\u8005\u7981\u7528\u5ba1\u6838\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u8005\u9501\u5b9a\u5b83\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]#\u00a0auditctl -e 2<\/pre>\n<div class=\"para\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u547d\u4ee4\u9501\u5b9a\u5ba1\u6838\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/div>\n<\/dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"option\">-r<\/code><\/span><\/dt>\n<dd>\n<div class=\"para\">\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6bcf\u79d2\u751f\u6210\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]#\u00a0auditctl -r 0<\/pre>\n<div class=\"para\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u5728\u751f\u6210\u4fe1\u606f\u65b9\u9762\u4e0d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u9650\u5236\u901f\u7387\u3002<\/div>\n<\/dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"option\">-s<\/code><\/span><\/dt>\n<dd>\n<div class=\"para\">\u62a5\u544a\u5ba1\u6838\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]#\u00a0auditctl -s\r\nAUDIT_STATUS: enabled=1 flag=2 pid=0 rate_limit=0 backlog_limit=8192 lost=259 backlog=0<\/pre>\n<\/dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"option\">-l<\/code><\/span><\/dt>\n<dd>\n<div class=\"para\">\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5f53\u524d\u88c5\u8f7d\u7684\u5ba1\u6838\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]# auditctl -l\r\nLIST_RULES: exit,always watch=\/etc\/localtime perm=wa key=time-change\r\nLIST_RULES: exit,always watch=\/etc\/group perm=wa key=identity\r\nLIST_RULES: exit,always watch=\/etc\/passwd perm=wa key=identity\r\nLIST_RULES: exit,always watch=\/etc\/gshadow perm=wa key=identity<\/pre>\n<\/dd>\n<dt><span class=\"term\"><code class=\"option\">-D<\/code><\/span><\/dt>\n<dd>\n<div class=\"para\">\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5f53\u524d\u88c5\u8f7d\u7684\u5ba1\u6838\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]#\u00a0auditctl -D\r\nNo rules<\/pre>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"note\">\n<div class=\"admonition_header\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c4\u5219\uff08-w\/-p\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5b9a\u4e49\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">auditctl -w path_to_file -p permissions -k key_name<\/pre>\n<div class=\"para\">\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/div>\n<div class=\"itemizedlist\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\"><em class=\"replaceable\">path_to_file<\/em>\u00a0\u662f\u5ba1\u6838\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\uff1b<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\"><em class=\"replaceable\">permissions<\/em>\u00a0\u662f\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/div>\n<div class=\"itemizedlist\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\"><code class=\"option\">r<\/code>\u00a0\u2014 \u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\"><code class=\"option\">w<\/code>\u00a0\u2014 \u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\"><code class=\"option\">x<\/code>\u00a0\u2014 \u8fd0\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\"><code class=\"option\">a<\/code>\u00a0\u2014 \u6539\u53d8\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\">\n<p><em class=\"replaceable\">key_name<\/em>\u00a0\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u53ef\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5224\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u8005\u54ea\u7ec4\u89c4\u5219\u751f\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"example-contents\">\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"para\"><strong>\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8f93\u5199\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u00a0<code class=\"filename\">\/etc\/passwd<\/code>\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]#\u00a0auditctl -w \/etc\/passwd -p wa -k passwd_changes<\/pre>\n<div class=\"para\">\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u00a0<code class=\"option\">-k<\/code>\u00a0\u9009\u9879\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5199\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u00a0<code class=\"filename\">\/etc\/selinux\/<\/code>\u00a0\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]#\u00a0auditctl -w \/etc\/selinux\/ -p wa -k selinux_changes<\/pre>\n<div class=\"para\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u6267\u884c\u00a0<code class=\"command\">\/sbin\/insmod<\/code>\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5728 Linux Kernel \u4e2d\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]#\u00a0auditctl -w \/sbin\/insmod -p x -k module_insertion<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<div class=\"note\">\n<div class=\"admonition_header\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u89c4\u5219\uff08-a\/-S\/-F\uff09<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">auditctl -a action,filter -S system_call -F \u8f93\u5165\u680f=value -k key_name<\/pre>\n<div class=\"para\">\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/div>\n<div class=\"itemizedlist\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\"><em class=\"replaceable\">action<\/em>\u00a0\u4ee5\u53ca\u00a0<em class=\"replaceable\">filter<\/em>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4f55\u65f6\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong><\/span>\u3002\u00a0<em class=\"replaceable\">action<\/em>\u00a0\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u00a0<code class=\"literal\">always<\/code>\uff08\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f\uff09\u6216\u8005<code class=\"literal\">never<\/code>\uff08\u4ece\u4e0d\u662f\uff09\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u00a0<em class=\"replaceable\">filter<\/em>\u00a0\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u54ea\u4e2a Kernel \u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4e0e\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff1a\u00a0<code class=\"literal\">task<\/code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">exit<\/code>\u3001<code class=\"literal\">user<\/code>\u00a0\u4ee5\u53ca\u00a0<code class=\"literal\">exclude<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u5173\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u3008<a class=\"xref\" href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/zh-CN\/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux\/7\/html\/Security_Guide\/chap-system_auditing.html#sec-audit_system_architecture\">\u7b2c\u00a05.1\u00a0\u8282 \u201c\u5ba1\u6838\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u201d<\/a>\u3009\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\"><em class=\"replaceable\">system_call<\/em>\u00a0\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u7684\u540d\u5b57<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/strong><\/span>\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728<code class=\"filename\">\/usr\/include\/asm\/unistd_64.h<\/code>\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u90fd\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90fd\u5728\u00a0<code class=\"option\">-S<\/code>\u00a0\u9009\u9879\u4e4b\u540e\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\"><em class=\"replaceable\">field<\/em>=<em class=\"replaceable\">value<\/em>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u9879<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fee\u6539\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u4e0e\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u7ec4 ID\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5217\u51fa\u5b8c\u6574\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u680f\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u00a0<span class=\"citerefentry\"><span class=\"refentrytitle\">auditctl<\/span>(8)<\/span>\u00a0\u624b\u518c\u9875\u3002<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\">\n<p><em class=\"replaceable\">key_name<\/em>\u00a0\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u53ef\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u5224\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e2a\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u8005\u54ea\u7ec4\u89c4\u5219\u751f\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"example-contents\">\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"para\"><strong>\u4e3e\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\u521b\u9020\u65e5\u5fd7\u9879 \u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u901a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u00a0<code class=\"literal\">adjtimex<\/code>\u00a0\u6216\u8005\u00a0<code class=\"literal\">settimeofday<\/code>\u3002\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528 64 \u4f4d\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u8bf7\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<div class=\"example-contents\">\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]#\u00a0auditctl -a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S adjtimex -S settimeofday -k time_change<\/pre>\n<div class=\"para\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\u521b\u9020\u65e5\u5fd7\u9879\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u7531 ID \u662f 500 \u6216\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u5220\u9664\u6216\u8005\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\uff08<code class=\"option\">-F auid!=4294967295<\/code>\u00a0\u9009\u9879\u6392\u9664\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u5b9a\u767b\u5f55 UID\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff09\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]#\u00a0auditctl -a always,exit -S unlink -S unlinkat -S rename -S renameat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k delete<\/pre>\n<div class=\"para\">\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u8bed\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u00a0<code class=\"literal\">-w \/etc\/shadow -p wa<\/code>\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]#\u00a0auditctl -a always,exit -F path=\/etc\/shadow -F perm=wa<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"titlepage\"><\/div>\n<div>\n<h5 class=\"para\">\u4e8c\u3001\u5728 \/etc\/audit\/audit.rules \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u63a7\u5236<\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u76f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5ba1\u6838\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u5305\u542b\u5728\u00a0<code class=\"filename\">\/etc\/audit\/audit.rules<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u00a0<code class=\"command\">auditctl<\/code>\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8bed\u6cd5\u6765\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u5728 # \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u7a7a\u884c\u6216\u8005\u6587\u672c\uff08<code class=\"literal\">#<\/code>\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u3002<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\"><code class=\"command\">auditctl<\/code>\u00a0\u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u6765\u81ea\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code class=\"option\">-R<\/code>\u00a0\u9009\u9879\uff08augenrules\u811a\u672c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5c01\u88c5\u7684auditctl\u547d\u4ee4-R\u9009\u9879\uff09\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]#\u00a0auditctl -R \/usr\/share\/doc\/audit-version\/stig.rules<\/pre>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<div class=\"note\">\n<div class=\"admonition_header\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u5219<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u5ba1\u6838\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff1a\u00a0<code class=\"option\">-b<\/code>\u3001<code class=\"option\">-D<\/code>\u3001<code class=\"option\">-e<\/code>\u3001<code class=\"option\">-f<\/code>\u3001\u6216\u8005\u00a0<code class=\"option\">-r<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<p class=\"title\"><strong>\u4e3e\u4f8b.\u00a0\u5728\u00a0<code class=\"filename\">audit.rules<\/code>\u4e2d\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"example-contents\">\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\"># Delete all previous rules\r\n-D\r\n\r\n# Set buffer size\r\n-b 8192\r\n\r\n# Make the configuration immutable -- reboot is required to change audit rules (-e\u9009\u9879\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u540e)\r\n-e 2\r\n\r\n# Panic when a failure occurs\r\n-f 2\r\n\r\n# Generate at most 100 audit messages per second\r\n-r 100<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<div class=\"note\">\n<div class=\"admonition_header\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u89c4\u5219<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<code class=\"command\">auditctl<\/code>\u00a0\u8bed\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u539f\u5219\u3002\u5728\u3008<a class=\"xref\" href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/zh-CN\/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux\/7\/html\/Security_Guide\/sec-Defining_Audit_Rules_and_Controls.html#sec-Defining_Audit_Rules_with_the_auditctl_utility\">\u7b2c\u00a05.5.1\u00a0\u8282 \u201c\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0<span class=\"application\"><strong>auditctl<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u5ba1\u6838\u89c4\u5219\u201d<\/a>\u3009\u4e2d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\"para\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\">\n<p class=\"title\"><strong>\u4e3e\u4f8b.\u00a0\u5728\u00a0<code class=\"filename\">audit.rules<\/code>\u00a0\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u89c4\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"example-contents\">\n<pre class=\"screen\">-w \/etc\/passwd -p wa -k passwd_changes\r\n-w \/etc\/selinux\/ -p wa -k selinux_changes\r\n-w \/sbin\/insmod -p x -k module_insertion\r\n\r\n-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S adjtimex -S settimeofday -k time_change\r\n-a always,exit -S unlink -S unlinkat -S rename -S renameat -F auid&gt;=500 -F auid!=4294967295 -k delete<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"note\">\n<div class=\"admonition_header\">\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><b>\u9884\u914d\u7f6e\u89c4\u5219\u6587\u4ef6<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\">\u5728\u00a0<code class=\"filename\">\/usr\/share\/doc\/audit-<em class=\"replaceable\">version<\/em>\/<\/code>\u00a0\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d, \u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6807\u51c6\u00a0<span class=\"package\">audit<\/span>\u00a0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u7ec4\u9884\u914d\u7f6e\u89c4\u5219\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/div>\n<div class=\"itemizedlist\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\"><code class=\"filename\">nispom.rules<\/code>\u00a0\u2014 \u5ba1\u6838\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u7f6e\u7b26\u5408\u300a\u56fd\u5bb6\u884c\u4e1a\u5b89\u5168\u7a0b\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fd0\u884c\u6307\u5357\u300b\u7684\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\"><code class=\"filename\">capp.rules<\/code>\u00a0\u2014 \u5ba1\u6838\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u7f6e\u6ee1\u8db3\u7531\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.niap-ccevs.org\/pp\/pp_os_ca_v1.d.pdf\">CAPP<\/a>\u00a0\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u662f\u516c\u5171\u6807\u51c6\u8ba4\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\"><code class=\"filename\">lspp.rules<\/code>\u00a0\u2014\u5ba1\u6838\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u7f6e\u6ee1\u8db3\u7531\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.commoncriteriaportal.org\/files\/ppfiles\/lspp.pdf\">LSPP<\/a>\u00a0\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u662f\u516c\u5171\u6807\u51c6\u8ba4\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"listitem\">\n<div class=\"para\"><code class=\"filename\">stig.rules<\/code>\u00a0\u2014 \u5ba1\u6838\u89c4\u5219\u914d\u7f6e\u6ee1\u8db3\u7531 STIG \u6240\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"para\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u521b\u9020\u60a8\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u00a0<code class=\"filename\">\/etc\/audit\/audit.rules<\/code>\u00a0\u5e76\u4e14\u590d\u5236\u60a8\u6240\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6709\u5173\u00a0<code class=\"filename\">\/etc\/audit\/audit.rules<\/code>\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6:<\/div>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true screen\">~]# cp \/etc\/audit\/audit.rules \/etc\/audit\/audit.rules_backup\r\n~]# cp \/usr\/share\/doc\/audit-version\/stig.rules \/etc\/audit\/audit.rules<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h5 id=\"CentOS6\u4e0baudit\u7684\u4f7f\u7528-\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a\">\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/h5>\n<p>How To Use the Linux Auditing System on CentOS 7 #\u9700\u8981\u8be6\u7ec6\u7814\u8bfb<br \/>\n<a class=\"external-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.digitalocean.com\/community\/tutorials\/how-to-use-the-linux-auditing-system-on-centos-7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">https:\/\/www.digitalocean.com\/community\/tutorials\/how-to-use-the-linux-auditing-system-on-centos-7<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u5ba1\u6838\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728CentOS 7<br \/>\n<a class=\"external-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.howtoing.com\/how-to-use-the-linux-auditing-system-on-centos-7\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">https:\/\/www.howtoing.com\/how-to-use-the-linux-auditing-system-on-centos-7\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4f55\u5199\u5728CentOS 7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7cfb\u7edf\u5ba1\u6838\u89c4\u5219<br \/>\n<a class=\"external-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.howtoing.com\/how-to-write-custom-system-audit-rules-on-centos-7\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">https:\/\/www.howtoing.com\/how-to-write-custom-system-audit-rules-on-centos-7\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0 \u7cfb\u7edf\u5ba1\u6838<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/zh-CN\/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux\/7\/html\/Security_Guide\/chap-system_auditing.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/zh-CN\/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux\/7\/html\/Security_Guide\/chap-system_auditing.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>5.5. \u5b9a\u4e49\u5ba1\u6838\u89c4\u5219<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/zh-CN\/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux\/7\/html\/Security_Guide\/sec-Defining_Audit_Rules_and_Controls.html\">https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/zh-CN\/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux\/7\/html\/Security_Guide\/sec-Defining_Audit_Rules_and_Controls.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>5.6. \u7406\u89e3\u5ba1\u6838\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/zh-CN\/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux\/7\/html\/Security_Guide\/sec-Understanding_Audit_Log_Files.html\">https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/zh-CN\/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux\/7\/html\/Security_Guide\/sec-Understanding_Audit_Log_Files.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u20607.9. Configuring PAM for Auditing<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/en-US\/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux\/6\/html\/Security_Guide\/sec-Configuring_PAM_for_Auditing.html\">https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/en-US\/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux\/6\/html\/Security_Guide\/sec-Configuring_PAM_for_Auditing.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>linux\u670d\u52a1\u4e4baudit<br \/>\n<a class=\"external-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/createyuan\/p\/3861149.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/createyuan\/p\/3861149.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Finding the source of signals on Linux with strace, auditd, or systemtap<br \/>\n<a class=\"external-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/developerworks\/community\/blogs\/aimsupport\/entry\/Finding_the_source_of_signals_on_Linux_with_strace_auditd_or_Systemtap?lang=en\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/developerworks\/community\/blogs\/aimsupport\/entry\/Finding_the_source_of_signals_on_Linux_with_strace_auditd_or_Systemtap?lang=en<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">How to use audit to monitor a specific SYSCALL?<\/span><br \/>\n<a class=\"external-link\" href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/solutions\/36278\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/solutions\/36278<\/a><\/p>\n<p>=END=<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>=Start= \u7f18\u7531\uff1a \u5728\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u522b\u4eba [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,25,12],"tags":[216,855,854,30],"class_list":["post-3408","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","category-security","category-tools","tag-audit","tag-auditctl","tag-auditd","tag-linux"],"views":8665,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3408","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3408"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3408\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3447,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3408\/revisions\/3447"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3408"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3408"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3408"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}