{"id":3699,"date":"2017-12-09T23:12:21","date_gmt":"2017-12-09T15:12:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/?p=3699"},"modified":"2017-12-09T23:12:21","modified_gmt":"2017-12-09T15:12:21","slug":"cissp%e5%ae%98%e6%96%b9%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%e7%ac%ac7%e7%89%88%e7%ac%ac12%e7%ab%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/archives\/3699.html","title":{"rendered":"CISSP\u5b98\u65b9\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5357\u7b2c7\u7248#\u7b2c12\u7ae0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>=Start=<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"id-\u6a21\u677f-\u7f18\u7531\uff1a\">\u7f18\u7531\uff1a<\/h4>\n<p>\u5907\u8003CISSP\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u6574\u7406\u5728\u770b\u300aCISSP\u5b98\u65b9\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5357\uff08\u7b2c7\u7248\uff09\u300b\u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u4ee5\u540e\u5feb\u901f\u590d\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"id-\u6a21\u677f-\u6b63\u6587\uff1a\">\u6b63\u6587\uff1a<\/h4>\n<h5 id=\"id-\u6a21\u677f-\u53c2\u8003\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a\">\u53c2\u8003\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a<\/h5>\n<h6>\u7b2c12\u7ae0 \u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb<\/h6>\n<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8986\u76d6\u7684CISSP\u8003\u8bd5\u5927\u7eb2\u5305\u542b\uff1a<br \/>\n4) \u901a\u4fe1\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168(\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168)<br \/>\n\u2022C.<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5efa\u7acb\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\u4fe1\u9053<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nC.1 \u8bed\u8a00<br \/>\nC.2 \u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u534f\u52a9(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4f1a\u8bae\u6280\u672f\u3001\u5373\u65f6\u901a\u4fe1)<br \/>\nC.3 \u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cVPN\u3001\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u53d6\u3001\u865a\u62df\u5e94\u7528\/\u684c\u9762\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u529e\u516c)<br \/>\nC.4 \u6570\u636e\u901a\u4fe1(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cVLAN\u3001TLS\/SSL)<br \/>\nC.5 \u865a\u62df\u7f51\u7edc(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cSDN\u3001\u865a\u62dfSAN\u3001\u8bbf\u5ba2\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u9694\u79bb)<br \/>\n\u2022D.<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u963b\u6b62\u548c\u7f13\u89e3\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h6>12.1 \u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u534f\u8bae\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236<\/h6>\n<p>TCP\/IP\u662f\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5065\u5168\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5b89\u5168\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u5728\u6539\u5584TCP\/IP\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5b50\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u673a\u5236\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u7684\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\uff1a<strong>\u5373\u4f7f\u662fTCP\/IP\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u6570\u767e\u4e2a(\u5426\u5219\u6570\u5343\u4e2a)\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u7528\u4e8e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u673a\u5236\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/strong>\u67d0\u4e9b\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u62a4\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.1.1 \u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u901a\u4fe1\u4fe1\u9053\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u670d\u52a1\u534f\u8bae\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/span>\u4e0b\u9762\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>IP\u7b80\u5355\u5bc6\u94a5\u7ba1\u7406(Simple Key Management for Internet Protocol\uff0cSKIP)<\/strong>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u65e0\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u5de5\u5177\u3002SKIP\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u4e0eIPS\u6c11\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728OSI\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7b2c3\u5c42\u4e0a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002SKIP\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u65cf\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5b50\u534f\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002SKIP\u57281998\u5e74\u88ab\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362(Internet Key Exchange\uff0clKE)\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8f6f\u4ef6IP\u52a0\u5bc6(SoftWare IP Encryption\uff0cSWIPE)<\/strong>\u8fd9\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7b2c3\u5c42IP\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5c01\u88c5\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528(S-RPC)<\/strong>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u5728\u672a\u7ecf\u6388\u6743\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5c42(SSL)<\/strong>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7531Netscape\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548cWeb\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002SSL\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001FTP\u751a\u81f3Telnet\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002SSL\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9762\u5411\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002SSL\u4f7f\u752840\u4f4d\u5bc6\u94a5\u6216128\u4f4d\u5bc6\u94a5\u8fdb\u884c\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u5b89\u5168(TLS)<\/strong>TLS\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eSSL\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5065\u58ee\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u534f\u8bae\u3002SSL\u548cTLS\u90fd\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\u7279\u6027\uff1a<br \/>\n\u2022\u652f\u6301\u5728\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef-\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5e76\u9632\u6b62\u7be1\u6539\u3001\u6b3a\u9a97\u548c\u7a83\u542c\u3002<br \/>\n\u2022\u652f\u6301\u5355\u5411\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002<br \/>\n\u2022\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\u652f\u6301\u53cc\u5411\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002<br \/>\n\u2022\u901a\u5e38\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2aTCP\u5305\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u8f7d\u8377\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5b83\u5c01\u88c5\u6240\u6709\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\u3002<br \/>\n\u2022\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4f4e\u5c42\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u7b2c3\u5c42(\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42)\u4f5c\u4e3aVPN\uff0c\u8fd9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aOpenVPN\u3002<br \/>\n\u6b64\u5916\uff0cTLS\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u5bc6UDP\u548c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u521d\u59cb\u534f\u8bae(Session Initiation Protocol\uff0cSIP)\u8fde\u63a5(SIP\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u548cVoIP\u6709\u5173\u8054\u7684\u534f\u8bae)\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5b89\u5168\u7535\u5b50\u4ea4\u6613(Secure Electronic Transaction\uff0cSET)<\/strong>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6613\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\u3002SET\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u662fRSA\u52a0\u5bc6\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u5bc6\u6807\u51c6(DES)\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u7528\u5361\u516c\u53f8\u90fd\u652f\u6301SET\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Visa\u548cMasterCard\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cSET\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\uff1b\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u7531SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7535\u5b50\u5546\u52a1\u7684\u9996\u9009\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>12.1.2 \u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668(\u6216\u7f51\u7edc)\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f00\u59cb\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u4e0b\u9762\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534f\u8bae\u80fd\u591f\u63a7\u5236\u5982\u4f55\u4ea4\u6362\u767b\u5f55\u51ed\u8bc1\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u767b\u5f55\u51ed\u8bc1\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6311\u6218\u63e1\u624b\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u534f\u8bae(Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol\uff0cCHAP)<\/strong>\u8fd9\u662f<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5728PPP\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/span>\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">CHAP\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u653e\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6765\u6267\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/span>\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6301\u7eed\u671f\u95f4\uff0cCHAP\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u5bf9\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u65b0\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u662f\u900f\u660e\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5bc6\u7801\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u534f\u8bae(Password Authentication Protocol\uff0cPAP)<\/strong>\u8fd9\u662f<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8ePPP\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/span>\u3002<strong>PAP\u4ee5\u660e\u6587\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/strong>PAP\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\uff1b\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f20\u8f93\u767b\u5f55\u51ed\u8bc1\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u534f\u8bae(Extensible Authentication Protocol\uff0cEAP)<\/strong>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u67b6\u6784<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002EAP\u5141\u8bb8\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5b89\u5168\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u652f\u6301\u667a\u80fd\u5361\u3001\u4ee4\u724c\u548c\u751f\u7269\u6d4b\u5b9a\u5b66(\u53c2\u89c1\u4e0b\u65b9&#8221;EAP\u3001PEAP\u548cLEAP&#8221;\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8eEAP\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u534f\u8bae)\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u534f\u8bae\u6700\u521d\u7528\u5728\u62e8\u53f7PPP\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8fdc\u8ddd\u79bb\u8fde\u63a5\u6280\u672f(\u5305\u62ec\u5bbd\u5e26\u548cVPN)\u90fd\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534f\u8bae\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5f88\u591a\u8f83\u65b0\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<h6>12.2 \u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u4fe1<\/h6>\n<p><strong>\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u4e0eIT\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u65e0\u5173\u3002<\/strong>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u4fe1\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5f00\u59cb\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u8bbe\u5907\u548cIP\u8bed\u97f3(VoIP)\u6280\u672f\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u52a0\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u65e5\u76ca\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5f53\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u4fe1\u5728IT\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u4e0a\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7684\u673a\u5236\u5c31\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\u91c7\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u670d\u52a1\u6216\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u5206\u652f\u4ea4\u6362(PrivateBranchExchange\uff0cPBX)\u6216POTS\/PSTN\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u4fe1\u5bb9\u6613\u906d\u53d7\u622a\u83b7\u3001\u5077\u542c\u3001\u5206\u673a\u7a83\u542c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5229\u7528\u3002<\/strong>\u5bf9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7269\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5f80\u5f80\u8981\u6c42\u7ef4\u62a4\u7269\u7406\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u4fe1\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u79df\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7535\u8bdd\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u652f\u6491\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u5e94\u5f53\u90e8\u7f72\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u4fe1\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.2.1 \u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8bed\u97f3\u534f\u8bae(VoIP)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>VoIP\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u8bed\u97f3\u5c01\u88c5\u6210IP\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u97f3\u9891\u7535\u8bdd\u901a\u8fc7TCP\/IP\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002VoIP\u5df1\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u884c\u548c\u5ec9\u4ef7\u7684\u7535\u8bdd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.2.2 \u793e\u4f1a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6000\u6709\u6076\u610f\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u540d\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6765\u5229\u7528\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u662f\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u4eba\u83b7\u5f97\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5185\u90e8\u67d0\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.2.3 \u4f2a\u9020\u4e0e\u6ee5\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5bf9\u8bed\u97f3\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5a01\u80c1\u662fPBX\u4f2a\u9020\u548c\u6ee5\u7528\u3002<\/span>\u8bb8\u591aPBX\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6076\u610f\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u7528\u4e8e\u6536\u8d39\u548c\u9690\u85cf\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u98de\u5ba2(phreaker)\u7684\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u6ee5\u7528\u7535\u8bdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u6ee5\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u98de\u5ba2\u53ef\u80fd\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bed\u97f3\u4fe1\u7bb1\u7684\u672a\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u6d88\u606f\u3001\u963b\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\u4ee5\u53ca\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5165\u7ad9\u548c\u51fa\u7ad9\u547c\u53eb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u9488\u5bf9PBX\u4f2a\u9020\u548c\u6ee5\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u7b56\u4e0e\u8bb8\u591a\u4fdd\u62a4\u5178\u578b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u9884\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u903b\u8f91\u6216\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u7269\u7406\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<h6>12.3 \u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u534f\u4f5c<\/h6>\n<p>\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u534f\u4f5c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u901a\u4fe1\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u6765\u652f\u6301\u8fdc\u7a0b\u534f\u4f5c(\u4eba\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\u4e00\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c)\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.3.1 \u8fdc\u7a0b\u4f1a\u8bae<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4f1a\u8bae\u6280\u672f\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba9\u4efb\u4f55\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u6216\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5173\u7cfb\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u79f0\u547c\uff1a\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u534f\u4f5c\u3001\u865a\u62df\u4f1a\u8bae\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u4f1a\u8bae\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u534f\u4f5c\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u767d\u677f\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u865a\u62df\u57f9\u8badI[\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7b49\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u6c9f\u901a\u3001\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5728\u6750\u6599\/\u6570\u636e\/\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u534f\u540c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4f1a\u8bae\u6280\u672f\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u65e0\u8bba\u5b9e\u65bd\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u534f\u4f5c\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5f71\u54cd\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6280\u672f\uff1f\u901a\u4fe1\u53d1\u751f\u4e8e\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u8fd8\u662f\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u96a7\u9053?\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5220\u9664\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u5ba1\u6838\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\uff1f\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u534f\u4f5c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4f1a\u8bae\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u6765\u81ea\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u591a\u6837\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u6295\u8eab\u8fdb\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u597d\u5904\u4ec5\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u901a\u4fe1\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5f97\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.3.2 \u5373\u65f6\u6d88\u606f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u65f6\u6d88\u606f(Instant Messaging\uff0cIM)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4e24\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6587\u5b57\u804a\u5929\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u5141\u8bb8\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u4f1a\u8bae\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684IM\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u96c6\u4e2d\u63a7\u5236\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7b49\u7684IM\u5bb9\u6613\u8ba9\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\u6765\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\u5374\u662f\u96be\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff1a\u5bb9\u6613\u906d\u53d7\u6570\u636e\u5305\u76d1\u542c\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u9690\u79c1\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8bb8\u591a\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5373\u65f6\u6d88\u606f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5171\u540c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u52a0\u5bc6\u6216\u7528\u6237\u9690\u79c1\u3002<\/strong>\u8bb8\u591aIM\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u90fd\u5bb9\u6613\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u529f\u80fd\u906d\u53d7\u6076\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\u690d\u5165\u6216\u611f\u67d3\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cIM\u7528\u6237\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d7\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u5982\u6a21\u4eff\u6216\u8bf4\u670d\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u6cc4\u9732\u5e94\u8be5\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u673a\u5bc6\u4fe1\u606f(\u5982\u5bc6\u7801)\u3002<\/p>\n<h6>12.4 \u7ba1\u7406\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/h6>\n<p>\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u548c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae(SMTP)\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5411\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f20\u9001\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4e95\u4e14\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u5b58\u653e\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6536\u4ef6\u7bb1\u4e2d\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7\u90ae\u5c40\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c3(POP3)\u6216\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6d88\u606f\u8bbf\u95ee\u534f\u8bae(IMAP)\u4ece\u57fa\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6536\u4ef6\u7bb1\u4e2d\u68c0\u7d22\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u501f\u52a9\u4e8eSMTP\u4e0e\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eX.400\u6807\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u5904\u7406\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>12.4.1 \u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u76ee\u6807<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u673a\u5236\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5206\u53d1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e3a\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/span>\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0b\u9762\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff1a<br \/>\n\u2022\u63d0\u4f9b<strong>\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8ba4\u6027<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022\u9650\u5236\u53ea\u6709\u9884\u5b9a\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u8bbf\u95ee\u90ae\u4ef6(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<strong>\u9690\u79c1\u6027\u548c\u673a\u5bc6\u6027<\/strong>)<br \/>\n\u2022\u7ef4\u62a4\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684<strong>\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022\u5bf9\u90ae\u4ef6\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c<strong>\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6821\u9a8c<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022\u9a8c\u8bc1\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u4f20\u8f93<br \/>\n\u2022\u5bf9\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6216\u9644\u4ef6\u7684\u654f\u611f\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c<strong>\u5206\u7c7b<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6b63\u5982IT\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u9996\u5148\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7531\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u6279\u51c6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0b\u5217\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<br \/>\n\u2022\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7b56\u7565<br \/>\n\u2022\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<br \/>\n\u2022\u9690\u79c1<br \/>\n\u2022\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406<br \/>\n\u2022\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u4fdd\u7ba1\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.4.2 \u7406\u89e3\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u90e8\u7f72\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7279\u6709\u7684\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u3002<\/strong>\u7528\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u5e76\u4e0d\u91c7\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u90fd\u6309\u7167\u5411\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u660e\u6587\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u622a\u83b7\u548c\u5077\u542c\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5728\u4e0e\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u8eab\u7f3a\u4e4f\u52a0\u5bc6\u662f\u6700\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u662f\u75c5\u6bd2\u3001\u8815\u866b\u3001\u7279\u6d1b\u4f0a\u6728\u9a6c\u3001\u7834\u574f\u6027\u5b8f\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6076\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\u5229\u7528\u7684\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4f20\u8f93\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c\u7279\u6027\u7684\u652f\u6301\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5df1\u7ecf\u5c06\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u9644\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u94fe\u63a5\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5728\u6e90\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u5373\u4f7f\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u662f\u65b0\u624b\uff0c\u5bf9\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u6b3a\u9a97\u4e5f\u662f\u8f7b\u800c\u6613\u4e3e\u7684\u3002\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5934\u90e8\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u5904\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684SMTP\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u9001\u81f3\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6536\u4ef6\u7bb1\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u95ee\u9898\uff0c<strong>\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff1a\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u6ca1\u6709\u786e\u4fdd\u90ae\u4ef6\u5728\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u653b\u51fb\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/strong>\u5f53\u8db3\u591f\u591a\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u88ab\u6307\u5411\u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6536\u4ef6\u7bb1\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u7684SMTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\u670d\u52a1(DoS)\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u90ae\u4ef6\u70b8\u5f39\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u69db\u51fa\u7684DoS\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0cDoS\u65e2\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u5bb9\u91cf\u906d\u5230\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff1a\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u50cf\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u6cdb\u6d2a\u6ea2\u51fa\u548c\u6076\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\u9644\u4ef6\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u4e5f\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6216\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u653b\u51fb\u5e38\u5e38\u4ee4\u4eba\u751f\u538c\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6d88\u8017\u672c\u5730\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u6d88\u8017\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u662f\u6b3a\u9a97\u6027\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u5f80\u5f80\u5f88\u96be\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.4.3 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style=\"color: 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#ff0000;\"><strong>\u9694\u79bb\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679cRADIUS\u6216TACACS+\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d7\u5230\u635f\u5bb3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u6709\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8ba4\u8bc1\u62e8\u53f7\u7528\u6237\u670d\u52a1(RADIUS)<\/strong><\/span>\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u7528\u4e8e\u96c6\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdc\u7a0b\u62e8\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528RADUIS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u62e8\u53f7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u51ed\u8bc1\u53d1\u9001\u81f3RADIUS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u57df\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u57df\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u767b\u5f55\u51ed\u8bc1\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf(TACACS+)<\/strong><\/span>\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u80fd\u591f\u66ff\u6362RADIUS\u3002TACACS\u5177\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff1a\u6700\u65e9\u7248\u672c\u7684TACACS\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u7684XTACACS\u4ee5\u53caTACACS+\u3002TACACS\u96c6\u6210\u4e86\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002XTACACS\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u6388\u6743\u548c\u8bb0\u8d26\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u3002TACACS+\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u53cc\u56e0\u7d20\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86XTACACS\u3002TACACS+\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ebf\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6>12.6 \u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u7f51\u7edc<\/h6>\n<p>\u865a\u62df\u4e13\u7528\u7f51(VPN)\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u901a\u4fe1\u96a7\u9053\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6570\u636e\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570VPN\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u6280\u672f\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bf9\u4e8eVPN\u8fde\u63a5\u800c\u8a00\u5e76\u975e\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u3002<br \/>\nVPN\u5728\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6216\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u548c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.6.1 \u96a7\u9053\u6280\u672f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5728\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u7406\u89e3VPN\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u7406\u89e3\u96a7\u9053\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u96a7\u9053\u6280\u672f\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u534f\u8bae\u5305\u5c01\u88c5\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u534f\u8bae\u5305\u4e2d\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u534f\u8bae\u5305\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5c01\u88c5<\/strong><\/span>\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u901a\u4fe1\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u9519\u89c9\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u865a\u62df\u8def\u5f84\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u901a\u4fe1\u4e24\u7aef\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u548c\u62c6\u88c5\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5c01\u88c5\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d89\u53ca\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u96a7\u9053\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5fc5\u62c5\u5fc3\u4e22\u5931\u673a\u5bc6\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u96a7\u9053\u6280\u672f\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u534f\u8bae\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u3001\u786e\u8ba4\u548c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u96a7\u9053\u6280\u672f\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span>\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\u4f1a\u6df7\u5408\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u96a7\u9053\u6280\u672f\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6216\u8005\u6570\u91cf\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5305\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6d88\u8017\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u96a7\u9053\u6280\u672f\u4f1a\u5f88\u5feb\u4f7f\u7f51\u7edc\u9971\u548c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u96a7\u9053\u6280\u672f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u5bf9\u5e7f\u64ad\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002\u96a7\u9053\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u76d1\u63a7\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u96be\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u4ece\u4e1a\u8005\u5236\u9020\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.6.2 VPN\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>VPN\u8fde\u63a5\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684LAN\u7ebf\u7f06\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u65e0\u7ebfL\u5267\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u62e8\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\u3001W\u5267\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bbf\u95ee\u529e\u516c\u5ba4LAN\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8fde\u63a5\u3002VPN\u8fde\u63a5\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u6761\u5178\u578b\u7684\u76f4\u63a5LAN\u7ebf\u7f06\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u533a\u522b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u800c\u901f\u7387\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u6761VPN\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u6761LAN\u7ebf\u7f06\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u90a3\u6837\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.6.3 \u5e38\u7528VPN\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6216\u786c\u4ef6\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0VPN\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u91c7\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u5b58\u57284\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684VPN\u534f\u8bae\uff1aPPTP\uff0cL2F\u3001L2TP\u548cIPSec\u3002<\/span><strong>PPTP\uff0cL2F\u548cL2TP\u5728OSI\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42(\u7b2c2\u5c42)\u4e0a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong>PPTP\u548cIPSec\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u5728IP\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u800cL2F\u548cL2TP\u5219\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5c01\u88c5\u4efb\u4f55LAN\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.6.4 \u865a\u62df\u5c40\u57df\u7f51<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: 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3927\u4e2d\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49)\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6307\u6d3eIP\u5730\u5740\u3002APIPA\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u9879Windows\u529f\u80fd\u3002APIPA\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5931\u8d25\u7684DHCP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6307\u6d3e\u4f4d\u4e8e169.254.0.1\u5230169.254.255.254\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740(\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ed8\u8ba4B\u7c7b\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801255.255.0.0)\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u540c\u4e00\u5e7f\u64ad\u57df\u5185\u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6eAPIPA\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8de8\u8d8a\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0e\u6b63\u786e\u5206\u914d\u4e86IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<h6>12.9 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#ff0000;\"><strong>\u7535\u8def\u4ea4\u6362<\/strong><\/span>\u6700\u521d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406\u516c\u5171\u7535\u8bdd\u4ea4\u6362\u7f51\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u8bdd\u547c\u53eb\u800c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7535\u8def\u4ea4\u6362\u6280\u672f\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u6761<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u4e13\u7528<\/strong><\/span>\u7684<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u7269\u7406\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.9.2 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\u865a\u7535\u8def<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u865a\u7535\u8def(\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u901a\u4fe1\u8def\u5f84)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u6362\u7f51\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u7535\u8def\u3002<\/strong>\u5728\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u6362\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e0b\u5217\u4e24\u7c7b\u865a\u7535\u8def\uff1a<br \/>\n\u2022\u6c38\u4e45\u865a\u7535\u8def(PermanentVirtualCircuit\uff0cPVC)<br \/>\n\u2022\u4ea4\u6362\u865a\u7535\u8def(SwitchedVirtualCircuit\uff0cSVC)<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">PVC<\/span>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4e13\u7528\u79df\u7528\u7ebf\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u903b\u8f91\u7535\u8def<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u59cb\u7ec8\u5b58\u5728\u5e76\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e<\/span>\u3002<\/strong>PVC\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u62c6\u9664\u3002SVC\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u62e8\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u865a\u7535\u8def\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u94fe\u8def\u62c6\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u865a\u7535\u8def\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u5165\u865a\u7535\u8def\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u70b9A\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4f1a\u88ab\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u9001\u81f3\u70b9B\u6216\u865a\u7535\u8def\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u540c\u4e00\u4f20\u8f93\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u865a\u7535\u8def\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u70b9A\u548c\u70b9B\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u6761\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fdb\u5165\u70b9A\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f20\u8f93\u81f3\u70b9B\u3002<\/p>\n<p>PVC\u50cf\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u65e0\u7ebf\u70b9\u6216\u5bf9\u8bb2\u673a\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u901a\u4fe1\u4f55\u65f6\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b\u6309\u94ae\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u8bdd\uff1b\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u91cd\u65b0\u81ea\u52a8\u6253\u5f00\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u9891\u7387(\u5373\u865a\u7535\u8def)\u3002SVC\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ed\u6ce2\u6216\u4e1a\u4f59\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u4f60\u60f3\u4e0e\u67d0\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u8c03\u6574\u53d1\u5c04\u673a\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u673a\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u9891\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<h6>12.10 WAN\u6280\u672f<\/h6>\n<p>WAN\u8fde\u63a5\u7528\u6765\u628a\u8fdc\u7aef\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u5355\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u901a\u4fe1\u548c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ed9\u6570\u636e\u5e26\u6765\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f20\u8f93\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u516c\u5171\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u3002\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u4e13\u7ebf(\u4e5f\u53eb\u4f5c\u79df\u7ebf\u6216\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u8fde\u63a5)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u957f\u671f\u4fdd\u7559\u4ee5\u4f9b\u6307\u5b9a\u5ba2\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7ebf\u8def\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u4e13\u7ebf\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u7545\u901a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u968f\u65f6\u7b49\u5f85\u4f20\u8f93\u901a\u4fe1\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7684LAN\u4e0e\u4e13\u7528WAN\u94fe\u8def\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u5f00\u653e\u548c\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u6761\u4e13\u7ebf\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e00\u5171\u53ea\u8fde\u63a5\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u975e\u4e13\u7ebf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u524d\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7ebf\u8def\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u975e\u4e13\u7ebf\u80fd\u591f\u7528\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u79cd\u975e\u4e13\u7ebf\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8c03\u5236\u89e3\u8c03\u5668\u3001DSL\u4ee5\u53caISDN\u90fd\u662f\u5c5e\u4e8e\u975e\u4e13\u7ebf\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>12.10.1 WAN\u8fde\u63a5\u6280\u672f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5305\u62ec\u56fd\u5916\u5408\u4f19\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u9700\u8981\u901a\u4fe1\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684WAN\u8fde\u63a5\u6280\u672f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9bWAN\u6280\u672f\u5728\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570WAN\u6280\u672f\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u5bf9\u6240\u8fde\u63a5LAN\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u900f\u660e\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u3002WAN\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u3001\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6216\u8fb9\u754c\u8fde\u63a5\u8bbe\u5907\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u670d\u52a1\u4e0e\u516c\u53f8LAN\u4e4b\u95f4\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u8fb9\u754c\u8fde\u63a5\u8bbe\u5907\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u4fe1\u9053\u670d\u52a1\u5355\u5143\/\u6570\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5355\u5143(Channel Service Unit\/Data Service Unit\uff0cCSU\/DSU)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\u5c06LAN\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aWAN\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u7f51\u7edc\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4ea6\u7136\u3002CSU\/DSU\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\/\u6570\u636e\u7535\u8def\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907(Data Terminal Equipment \/ Data Circuit-Terminating Equipment\uff0cDTE\/DCE)\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\u4e3aLAN\u7684\u8def\u7531\u5668(DTE)\u4e0eWAN\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u673a(DCE)\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u70b9\u3002CSU\/DSU\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u8f6c\u6362\u5668\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u8f6c\u53d1\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u94fe\u8def\u8c03\u8282\u5668\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002WAN\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u53ea\u662fLAN\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86CSU\/DSU\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u7f51\u7edc(\u6216WAN\u8fde\u63a5\u6280\u672f)\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982X.25\u3001\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7(FrameRelay)\u3001ATM\u4e0eSMDS\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>12.10.2 X.25 WAN\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>X.25\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u51fa\u73b0\u8f83\u65e9\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u6362\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u4f7f\u7528\u6c38\u4e45\u865a\u7535\u8def\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>X.25\u662f\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7684\u524d\u8eab\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e00\u6a21\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e0e\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u6216SMDS\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cX.25\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8f83\u4f4e\u3001\u541e\u5410\u901f\u7387\u8f83\u6162\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u9010\u6b65\u8d70\u5411\u8870\u843d\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>12.10.3 \u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u4e0eX.25\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f7f\u7528PVC\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u6362\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u7136\u800c\u4e0eX.25\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u5728\u4e00\u6761\u8fd0\u8425\u5546\u670d\u52a1\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u652f\u6301\u591a\u6761PVC\u3002\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u6362\u6280\u672f\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u865a\u7535\u8def\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u8fde\u63a5\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4e13\u7ebf\u6216\u79df\u7528\u7ebf\u7684\u6210\u672c\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u901a\u4fe1\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u800c\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7684\u6210\u672c\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u3002\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5171\u4eab\u4ecb\u8d28\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u865a\u7535\u8def\u5c31\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e2d\u3002\u6240\u6709\u865a\u7535\u8def\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u627f\u8bfa\u4fe1\u606f\u901f\u7387(Cotted Infomation Rate\uff0cCIR)\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\u3002CIR\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8fdc\u5c0f\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6700\u5927\u5e26\u5bbd\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4f4d\u5ba2\u6237\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684CIR\u3002\u5728\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u989d\u5916\u5e26\u5bbd\u65f6\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u53ef\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u5ba2\u6237\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u4f7f\u7528\u8d85\u51fa\u7ea6\u5b9a\u7684CIR\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6309\u9700\u5206\u914d\u5e26\u5bbd\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e4d\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u8457\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u73b0\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u5360\u7528\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u9644\u52a0\u8ba1\u8d39\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u6362\u4f20\u8f93\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u5728OSI\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7b2c2\u5c42(\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42)\u4e0a\u8fd0\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u70b9\u4e0a\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528DTE\/DCE\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u62e5\u6709DTE(\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u8def\u7531\u5668\u6216\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee)\u3002\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u62e5\u6709DCE\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5728\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4f20\u8f93\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u865a\u7535\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.10.4 ATM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0e\u8bf8\u5982\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u6362\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5f02\u6b65\u4f20\u8f93\u6a21\u5f0f(ATM)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4fe1\u5143\u4ea4\u6362WAN\u901a\u4fe1\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u5c06\u901a\u4fe1\u5206\u7247\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u957f\u5ea6\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e3a53\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u4fe1\u5143\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u957f\u5ea6\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u4fe1\u5143\uff0cATM\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>ATM\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528PVC\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SVC\u3002<\/strong><\/span>ATM\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u4fdd\u8bc1\u79df\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5e26\u5bbd\u4e0e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u7b49\u7ea7\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u518d\u4ed8\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u5360\u7528\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5e26\u5bbd\uff1b\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5e27\u4e2d\u7ee7\u65f6\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6309\u9700\u5206\u914d\u5e26\u5bbd\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>ATM\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u6362\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>12.10.5 SMDS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u4ea4\u6362\u5f0f\u591a\u5146\u4f4d\u6570\u636e\u670d\u52a1(SMDS)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u6362\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u901a\u5e38\uff0cSMDS\u7528\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u591a\u4e2aLAN\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7ec4\u6210\u57ce\u57df\u7f51(MAN)\u6216WAN\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u6781\u5c11\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0bLAN\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e5f\u5728SMDS\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u9996\u9009\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u673a\u5236\u3002SMDS\u652f\u6301\u9ad8\u901f\u7684\u7a81\u53d1\u901a\u4fe1\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u652f\u6301\u6309\u9700\u5206\u914d\u5e26\u5bbd\u3002SMDS\u673a\u5236\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u7247\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u5c0f\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u4fe1\u5143\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06SMDS\u89c6\u4e3aATM\u7684\u524d\u8eab\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>12.10.6 \u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u67d0\u4e9bWAN\u8fde\u63a5\u6280\u672f\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u652f\u6301\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u4e09\u79cd\u534f\u8bae\uff1aSDLC\u3001HDLC\u4e0eHSSI\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.10.7 \u62e8\u53f7\u5c01\u88c5\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u534f\u8bae(PPP)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c01\u88c5\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u5728\u62e8\u53f7\u6216\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u4f20\u8f93IP\u901a\u4fe1\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>PPP\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7WAN\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u591a\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u4e92\u7528\u6027\u6765\u652f\u6301\u4e32\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6240\u6709\u62e8\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e32\u884c\u8fde\u63a5(\u4e0e\u4e95\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u76f8\u5bf9)0PPP\u5305\u542b\u4f17\u591a\u901a\u4fe1\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u901a\u4fe1\u670d\u52a1\u5305\u62ecIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5206\u914d\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5c01\u88c5\u3001\u590d\u7528\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u8d28\u91cf\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u5dee\u9519\u68c0\u6d4b\u4ee5\u53ca\u7279\u6027\u6216\u9009\u9879\u534f\u5546(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u534f\u5546)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>PPP\u6700\u521d\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u9488\u5bf9\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684CHAP\u548cPAP\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684PPP\u4e5f\u652f\u6301MS-CHAP\u3001EAP\u4ee5\u53caSPAP\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cPPP\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u652f\u6301\u7f51\u9645\u5305\u4ea4\u6362\u534f\u8bae\u3002IPX\u548cDECnet\u534f\u8bae\u3002PPP\u5728RFC 1661\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6807\u51c6\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>PPP\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u4e32\u884c\u7ebf\u8def\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u534f\u8bae(SLIP)\u3002<\/strong><\/span><strong>SLIP\u53ea\u652f\u6301\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u9519\u68c0\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u6c42\u4eba\u5de5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0e\u5173\u95ed\u94fe\u8def\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<h6>12.11 \u5404\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u7279\u6027<\/h6>\n<p>\u5728\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u9009\u62e9\u6216\u90e8\u7f72\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u73b0\u5b9e\u73af\u5883\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u8bb8\u591a\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.11.1 \u900f\u660e\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u900f\u660e\u6027\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u6216\u8bbf\u95ee\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u6027\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u6216\u8bbf\u95ee\u673a\u5236\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u3002<\/strong>\u5c31\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u900f\u660e\u6027\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u8d8a\u900f\u660e\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5c31\u8d8a\u96be\u907f\u5f00\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bdf\u89c9\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u900f\u660e\u6027\uff0c\u67d0\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u6216\u7ea6\u675f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\u96be\u4ee5\u88ab\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e5f\u662f\u6781\u5c0f\u7684\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f53\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5728\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u6216\u8c03\u6574\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u900f\u660e\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u7279\u5f81\u800c\u975e\u56fa\u5b9a\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.11.2 \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u79f0\u4e3a\u6563\u5217\u603b\u6570\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.11.3 \u4f20\u8f93\u673a\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f20\u8f93\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8e\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4f20\u8f93\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u6e90\u7aef\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u6807\u8bb0\u3001\u6807\u8bc6\u7801\u3001\u4f20\u8f93\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u6d88\u606f\u957f\u77ed\u7b49\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u6545R\u6bd2\u548c\u8ddf\u8e2a\u672a\u6388\u6743\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f20\u8f93\u9519\u8bef\u6821\u6b63\u662f\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6216\u9762\u5411\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u786e\u5b9a\u67d0\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u5168\u90e8(\u6216\u90e8\u5206)\u51fa\u73b0\u635f\u574f\u3001\u88ab\u66f4\u6539\u6216\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f\u6e90\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u9001\u6574\u6761\u6216\u90e8\u5206\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u5dee\u9519\u6821\u6b63\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u73b0\u901a\u4fe1\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u91cd\u53d1\u63a7\u5236\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u91cd\u53d1\u6574\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u8fd8\u662f\u91cd\u53d1\u90e8\u5206\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u91cd\u53d1\u63a7\u5236\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u6563\u5217\u603b\u6570\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\u8fd8\u662fCRC\u503c\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u6761\u6570\u636e\u8def\u5f84\u8fd8\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u6761\u901a\u4fe1\u4fe1\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<h6>12.12 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DoS\u548cDDoS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\u653b\u51fb\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u578b\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4ee5\u963b\u788d\u53d7\u5bb3\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\u653b\u51fb\u5c06\u4f7f\u76ee\u6807\u65e0\u6cd5\u54cd\u5e94\u5408\u6cd5\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.13.2 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\u91cd\u653e\u653b\u51fb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u653e\u653b\u51fb\u662f\u5047\u5192\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u901a\u8fc7\u5077\u542c\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u8fdb\u884c\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u91cd\u653e\u653b\u51fb\u4f01\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u653e\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u6765\u91cd\u5efa\u901a\u4fe1\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\u548c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8eab\u4efd\u6807\u8bc6\u6765\u9632\u8303\u91cd\u653e\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.13.5 \u4fee\u6539\u653b\u51fb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u653b\u51fb\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u6539\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u56de\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u80fd\u591f\u907f\u5f00\u6539\u826f\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\u548c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u4fee\u6539\u91cd\u653e\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u5bf9\u7b56\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u5b57\u7b7e\u540d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6821\u9a8c\u4e0e<br \/>\n\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.13.6 \u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae\u6b3a\u9a97<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae(ARP)\u662fTCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u65cf\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728OSI\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42(\u7b2c3\u5c42)\u4e0a\u3002ARP\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6e\u8be2\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u3002ARP\u901a\u8fc7\u5e7f\u64ad\u542b\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u5730IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf(\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5177\u6709\u8be5\u5730\u5740\u7684ARP\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf)\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u5e94\u7b54\u3002\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u7684-MAC\u6620\u5c04\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728ARP\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u793a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>12.13.7 DNS\u6280\u6bd2\u3001\u6b3a\u9a97\u548c\u52ab\u6301<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>DNS\u6295\u6bd2\u548cDNS\u6b3a\u9a97\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u89e3\u6790\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u5f53\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u66f4\u6539DNS\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u57df\u540d\u5230IP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5e76\u5c06\u6d41\u91cf\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u5047\u5192\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u6267\u884c\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\uff0cDNS\u6295\u6bd2\u5c31\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u3002\u5f53\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u5047\u54cd\u5e94\u7ed9\u8bf7\u6c42\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u6291\u5236\u6765\u81ea\u6709\u6548DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\uff0cDNS\u6b3a\u9a97\u5c31\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u6280\u672f\u4e0a\u7ade\u4e89\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5229\u7528\u3002\u4e3a\u963b\u6b62\u56e0\u6295\u6bd2\u548c\u6b3a\u9a97\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u865a\u5047DNS\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u6388\u6743\u7684DNS\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u9650\u5236\u4f20\u8f93\u533a\u57df\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709DNS\u7279\u6743\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2008\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u88abDanKasky\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u5411\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u516c\u5f00\u3002\u8be5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u672c\u5730\u6216\u7f13\u5b58DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ece\u6743\u5a01\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u6839\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u83b7\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u57df\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e2d\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5b50\u57df\u865a\u5047\u5e94\u7b54\u7ed9\u7f13\u5b58DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u52ab\u6301\u6574\u4e2a\u57df\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u89e3\u91caDNS\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5982\u4f55\u5a01\u80c1\u5f53\u524dDNS\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee&#8221;AnllIusatedGuideto\u4e5feKaminskyDNSVulnerability&#8221;\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u94fe\u63a5\u4e3a <a href=\"http:\/\/unixwiz.netltechtips\/iguide-kaminsky-dns-vuln.html\">http:\/\/unixwiz.netltechtips\/iguide-kaminsky-dns-vuln.html<\/a> \u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5173\u4e8eDNS\u52ab\u6301\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u5347\u7ea7DNS\u5230\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6269\u5c55(DNSSEC)\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>12.13.8 \u8d85\u94fe\u63a5\u6b3a\u9a97<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e0e\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u662f\u8d85\u94fe\u63a5\u6b3a\u9a97\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eDNS\u6b3a\u9a97\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u901a\u4fe1\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u81f3\u6b3a\u8bc8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5192\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5c06\u901a\u4fe1\u53d1\u9001\u81f3\u9884\u5b9a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u8d85\u94fe\u63a5\u6b3a\u9a97\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u6765\u7528DNS\u6b3a\u9a97\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7684\u753a\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4fee\u6539\u8d85\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u5e76\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7DNS\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e2d\u7684\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba4\u5b9a\u8d85\u94fe\u63a5\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u51fb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8d85\u94fe\u63a5\u6b3a\u9a97\u653b\u51fb\u5f80\u5f80\u90fd\u4f1a\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8d85\u94fe\u63a5\u6b3a\u9a97\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u9632\u62a4\u624b\u6bb5\u5305\u62ec\u9632\u6b62DNS\u6b3a\u9a97\u3001\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0\u8865\u4e01\u5e76\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u65f6\u91c7\u53d6\u540c\u6837\u8c28\u614e\u7684\u9884\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n<h6>12.14 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/span>\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u5168\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u89e3\u51b3\u4e0e\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u52a0\u5bc6\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u90e8\u7f72\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u672c\u5730\u548c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8ba4\u8bc1\u662f\u6574\u4f53\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u672c\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5bf9\u901a\u4fe1\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u7ef4\u62a4\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6027\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/strong>\u8bb8\u591a\u653b\u51fb\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u4fa6\u542c\u3001\u62e6\u622a\uff0c\u6216\u4ee5\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e72\u6270\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f20\u8f93\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5bf9\u7b56\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u51cf\u5c11\u6216\u6d88\u9664\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u96a7\u9053<\/strong>\u6216<strong>\u5c01\u88c5<\/strong>\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u901a\u4fe1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u96a7\u9053\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u52a0\u5bc6\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u3002VPN\u6b63\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u52a0\u5bc6\u96a7\u9053\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>VLAN\u662f\u7531\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f3a\u52a0\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5206\u6bb5\u3002<\/strong>VLAN\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u9694\u6210\u7f51\u6bb5\u800c\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7269\u7406\u62d3\u6251\u3002VLAN\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u4fe1\u6d41\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8fdc\u7a0b\u529e\u516c\u6216\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong>\uff0c\u5df1\u6210\u4e3a\u5546\u4e1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5f53\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u90e8\u7f72\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u80fd\u529b\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e3a\u79c1\u4eba\u7f51\u7edc\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u96be\u9898\u3002\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u7528\u6237\u5e94\u5728\u6388\u4e88\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528RADIUS\u6216TACACS\u5b9e\u73b0\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5305\u62ecIP\u8bed\u97f3(VoIP)\u3001\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u534f\u4f5c\u548c\u5373\u65f6\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>NAT\u7528\u6765\u9690\u85cf\u4e13\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba9\u591a\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8\u5ba2\u6237\u901a\u8fc7\u5c11\u6570\u51e0\u4e2a\u516c\u7f51IP\u5730\u5740\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u3002<\/strong>NAT\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8fb9\u754c\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3001\u7f51\u5173\u548c\u4ee3\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5728\u7535\u8def\u4ea4\u6362\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u6761<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u4e13\u7528<\/span>\u7684<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u7269\u7406\u8def\u5f84<\/span>\u5c06\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/strong>\u628a\u6d88\u606f\u6216\u901a\u4fe1\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u5c0f\u7684\u5206\u6bb5(\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u6280\u672f)\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u4e2d\u95f4\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u65f6\uff0c\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u6362\u5c31\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u6362\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff1a\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u865a\u7535\u8def\u3002<\/span><strong>\u865a\u7535\u8def\u662f\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u5728\u5206\u7ec4\u4ea4\u6362\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u7535\u8def\u3002<\/strong><span style=\"color: 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style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u5e94\u5f53\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u900f\u660e\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u6563\u5217\u603b\u6570\u548cCRC\u6821\u9a8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u6d88\u606f\u7684<\/strong><strong>\u5b8c\u6574<\/strong><\/span>\u6027\u3002\u8bb0\u5f55\u5e8f\u5217\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u4f20\u8f93\u7684<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5e8f\u5217\u5b8c\u6574<\/strong><\/span>\u6027\u3002\u4f20\u8f93\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9<strong>\u68c0\u6d4b\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u6ee5\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7406\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/strong>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u57fa\u4e8eSMTP\u3001POP3\u548cIMAP\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002<span style=\"color: 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style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u9488\u5bf9PBX\u4f2a\u9020\u548c\u6ee5\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u7b56\u4e0e\u8bb8\u591a\u4fdd\u62a4\u5178\u578b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u9884\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<strong>\u903b\u8f91\u6216\u6280\u672f\u6027\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u6027\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\u4ee5\u53ca<strong>\u7269\u7406\u6027\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7406\u89e3\u4e0eVoIP\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/strong>VoIP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u5305\u62ec\u547c\u53eb\u8005ID\u6b3a\u9a97\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u9493\u9c7c\u3001SPIT\u3001\u547c\u53eb\u7ba1\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6\/\u786c\u4ef6\u653b\u51fb\u3001\u7535\u8bdd\u786c\u4ef6\u653b\u51fb\u3001DoS\u3001MitM\u3001\u6b3a\u9a97\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u8df3\u8dc3\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8bc6\u522b\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u98de\u5ba2\u3002<\/strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u98de\u5ba2\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9488\u5bf9\u7535\u8bdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u653b\u51fb\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/span>\u98de\u5ba2\u4f7f\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u56de\u907f\u7535\u8bdd\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u514d\u8d39\u7684\u957f\u9014\u547c\u53eb\u3001\u66f4\u6539\u7535\u8bdd\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u7a83\u53d6\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u751a\u81f3\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002<span style=\"color: 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