{"id":3726,"date":"2017-12-29T21:08:40","date_gmt":"2017-12-29T13:08:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/?p=3726"},"modified":"2017-12-29T21:08:40","modified_gmt":"2017-12-29T13:08:40","slug":"cissp%e5%ae%98%e6%96%b9%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%e7%ac%ac7%e7%89%88%e7%ac%ac20%e7%ab%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/archives\/3726.html","title":{"rendered":"CISSP\u5b98\u65b9\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5357\u7b2c7\u7248#\u7b2c20\u7ae0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>=Start=<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"id-\u6a21\u677f-\u7f18\u7531\uff1a\">\u7f18\u7531\uff1a<\/h4>\n<p>\u5907\u8003CISSP\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u6574\u7406\u5728\u770b\u300aCISSP\u5b98\u65b9\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5357\uff08\u7b2c7\u7248\uff09\u300b\u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u4ee5\u540e\u5feb\u901f\u590d\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"id-\u6a21\u677f-\u6b63\u6587\uff1a\">\u6b63\u6587\uff1a<\/h4>\n<h5 id=\"id-\u6a21\u677f-\u53c2\u8003\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a\">\u53c2\u8003\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a<\/h5>\n<h6>\u7b2c20\u7ae0 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u5b89\u5168<\/h6>\n<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8986\u76d6\u7684CISSP\u8003\u8bd5\u5927\u7eb2\u5305\u542b\uff1a<br \/>\n\u2022<strong>A.\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e2d\u7406\u89e3\u5e94\u7528\u5b89\u5168<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u3000\u3000A.1 \u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u654f\u6377\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u7011\u5e03\u6a21\u578b)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u3000\u3000A.2 \u6210\u719f\u5ea6\u6a21\u578b<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u3000\u3000A.3 \u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u3000\u3000A.4 \u53d8\u66f4\u7ba1\u7406<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u3000\u3000A.5 \u96c6\u6210\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f(\u5982DevOps)<\/span><br \/>\n\u2022B.\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236<br \/>\nB.1 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u73af\u5883\u5b89\u5168<br \/>\nB.3 \u5b89\u5168\u7f16\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406<br \/>\nB.4 \u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8bf4\u660e<br \/>\nB.5 API\u5b89\u5168<br \/>\n\u2022C.\u8bc4\u4f30\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027<br \/>\nC.1 \u5ba1\u8ba1\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u53d8\u66f4<br \/>\nC.2 \u98ce\u9669\u5206\u6790\u548c\u7f13\u89e3<br \/>\nC.3 \u9a8c\u6536\u6d4b\u8bd5<br \/>\n\u2022D.\u8bc4\u4f30\u8f6f\u4ef6\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u662f\u7531\u8bb8\u591a\u62e5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u6280\u80fd\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u5b89\u5168\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u590d\u6742\u548c\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u548c\u516c\u4f17\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u8fd9\u7ed9\u4f01\u4e1a\u5b89\u5168\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u4e13\u5bb6\u5fc5\u987b\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u5bf9\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u505a\u51fa\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b9e\u65bd\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u7f13\u89e3\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h6>20.1 \u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u63a7\u5236\u6982\u8ff0<\/h6>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u516c\u53f8\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9a\u5236\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6076\u610f\u7684\u548c\/\u6216\u7c97\u5fc3\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u521b\u5efa\u540e\u95e8\u3001\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ea2\u51fa\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u6076\u610f\u4eba\u5458\u5229\u7528\u7684\u5f31\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9a\u5236\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u8303\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5185\u5f15\u5165\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/strong>\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u6709\u6761\u7406\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u786e\u4fdd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u6ee1\u8db3\u529f\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6307\u5bfc\u539f\u5219\u3002\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5173\u6ce8\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u4ece\u4e8b\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u8003\u8651\u4e8b\u9879\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c06\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u6ce8\u5185\u5bb9\u5bf9\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.1.1 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u8003\u8651\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9636\u6bb5\u5305\u62ec\u6574\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/span>\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5e94\u8be5\u529b\u6c42\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u62e5\u6709\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7ea7\u522b\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u7ed9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6bd4\u5728\u73b0\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5bb9\u6613\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u521d\u671f\u5c31\u8003\u8651\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u6781\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>1.\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00<\/p>\n<p>\u5728CISSP\u8003\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u5f53\u719f\u6089\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5404\u4ee3\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<br \/>\n.\u7b2c1\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00(1GL)\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u6709\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<br \/>\n\u00b7\u7b2c2\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00(2GL)\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u6709\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<br \/>\n.\u7b2c3\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00(3GL)\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u6709\u7f16\u8bd1\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<br \/>\n\u00b7\u7b2c4\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00(4GL)\u8bd5\u56fe\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f7f\u7528\u7684SQL<br \/>\n\u00b7\u7b2c5\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00(5GL)\u4e5d\u8bb8\u7f16\u7a0b\u4eba\u5458\u521b\u5efa\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u89c6\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2.\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p>3.\u4fdd\u8bc1<\/p>\n<p>4.\u907f\u514d\u548c\u7f13\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u6545\u969c(\u8f93\u5165\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u6545\u969c\u9632\u62a4\u548c\u5e94\u6025\u5f00\u653e)<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.1.2 \u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5185\u90fd\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5229\u7528\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406\u4f7f\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u9075\u5faa\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9010\u6b65\u5b9e\u73b0\u6574\u4e2a\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6307\u5bfc\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u89c4\u5316\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u6a21\u578b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u5d4c\u5165\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u5177\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u5171\u7528\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5171\u4eab\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u5065\u5168\u7684\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">1.\u6982\u5ff5\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">2.\u529f\u80fd\u9700\u6c42\u786e\u5b9a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">3.\u63a7\u5236\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u5f00\u53d1<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">4.\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5ba1\u67e5<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">5.\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5\u8d70\u67e5<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">6.\u7528\u6237\u9a8c\u6536\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">7.\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u53d8\u66f4\u7ba1\u7406<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>20.1.3 \u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1.\u7011\u5e03\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><br \/>\n\u7011\u5e03\u6a21\u578b\u6700\u521d\u662f\u7531 Winston Royce \u57281970\u5e74\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u53cd\u590d\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<strong>\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7011\u5e03\u6a21\u578b\u67097\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u76f8\u53cd\u7bad\u5934\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u7011\u5e03\u6a21\u578b\u51c6\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u5148\u524d\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7ea0\u6b63\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u9636\u6bb5\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u7011\u5e03\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u5faa\u73af\u7279\u5f81(feedback loop characteristic)\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u6c42 &lt;=&gt; \u8f6f\u4ef6\u9700\u6c42 &lt;=&gt; \u521d\u6b65\u8bbe\u8ba1 &lt;=&gt; \u8be6\u7ec6\u8bbe\u8ba1 &lt;=&gt; \u7f16\u7801\u53ca\u8c03\u8bd5 &lt;=&gt; \u6d4b\u8bd5 &lt;=&gt; \u8fd0\u884c\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7011\u5e03\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u5728\u8003\u8651\u8fd4\u56de\u5148\u524d\u9636\u6bb5\u4ee5\u7ea0\u6b63\u7cfb\u7edf\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5168\u9762\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\uff08\u7011\u5e03\uff09\u6a21\u578b\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u6279\u8bc4\u662f\uff1a\u53ea\u51c6\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u540e\u9000\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u7011\u5e03\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u5468\u671f\u540e\u671f\u53d1\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u505a\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.\u87ba\u65cb\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><br \/>\n1988\u5e74\uff0cTRW\u7684 Barry Boehm \u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7011\u5e03\u7c7b\u578b\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u591a\u6b21\u53cd\u590d\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u87ba\u65cb\u6a21\u578b\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u578b(\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7011\u5e03\u6a21\u578b)\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5143\u6a21\u578b\u6216&#8221;\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6a21\u578b&#8221;\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.\u654f\u6377\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u654f\u6377\u6a21\u578b\u5df1\u7ecf\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u754c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u63a5\u53d7\u907f\u5f00\u8fc7\u53bb\u50f5\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u559c\u6b22\u91c7\u7528\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u3001\u5f3a\u8c03\u5ba2\u6237\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u4ee3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9700\u6c42\u3002<br \/>\n\u654f\u6377\u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5708\u91cc\u6709\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u52bf\u5934\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u53d8\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ecScrum(\u8fed\u4ee3\u5f0f\u589e\u91cf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b)\u3001\u654f\u6377\u7edf\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b(Agile Unified Process\uff0cAUP)\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u6a21\u578b(Dynamic System Development Model\uff0cDSDM)\u548c\u6781\u9650\u7f16\u7a0b(Extreme Programming\uff0cXP)\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>4.\u8f6f\u4ef6\u80fd\u529b\u6210\u719f\u5ea6\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><br \/>\nCarnegie Mellon\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u9662(SEI)\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u80fd\u529b\u6210\u719f\u5ea6\u6a21\u578b(Software Capability Maturity Model\uff0c\u7f29\u5199\u4e3a SW-CMM \u3001CMM\u6216SCMM)<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\u4e3b\u5f20\u6240\u6709\u4ece\u4e8b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u90fd\u4f9d\u6b21\u7ecf\u5386\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6210\u719f\u9636\u6bb5\u3002 <strong>SW-CMM \u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6210\u719f\u5ea6\u7684\u539f\u5219\u4e0e\u60ef\u4f8b\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u7279\u522b\u6df7\u6c8c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5230\u6210\u719f\u7684\u3001\u6709\u7eaa\u5f8b\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6539\u5584\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6210\u719f\u5ea6\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">SW-CMM \u80cc\u540e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5176\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nSW-CMM \u5177\u6709\u4e0b\u5217\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u7b2c1\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u7ea7<\/strong><\/span>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5728\u65e0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u52aa\u529b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u6216\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u7b2c2\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u7ea7<\/strong><\/span>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7ba1\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5f00\u59cb\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5730\u91cd\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u671f\u671b\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002SEI\u5c06\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5904\u7406\u8303\u56f4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\u9700\u6c42\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9879\u76ee\u8ba1\u5212\u7f16\u5236\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9879\u76ee\u8ddf\u8e2a\u548c\u76d1\u7763\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8f6c\u5305\u5408\u540c\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8d28\u91cf\u4fdd\u8bc1\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u7b2c3\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ea7<\/strong><\/span>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u4f9d\u7167\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u3001\u6587\u6863\u5316\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fdb<br \/>\n\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5f00\u53d1\u9879\u76ee\u90fd\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5236\u7ea6\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u3002SEI\u5c06\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5904\u7406\u8303\u56f4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5904\u7406\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u57f9\u8bad\u8ba1\u5212\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ea7\u54c1\u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u56e2\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u534f\u8c03\u548c\u5bf9\u7b49\u590d\u5ba1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u7b2c4\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u7ba1\u7406\u7ea7<\/strong><\/span>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\u3002\u5b9a\u91cf\u8861\u91cf\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4e86\u89e3\u3002SEI\u5c06\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5904\u7406\u8303\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\u5b9a\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8d28\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u7b2c5\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u4f18\u5316\u7ea7<\/strong><\/span>\u5728\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6210\u719f\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u786e\u7acb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4e3a\u4e86\u6539\u5584\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002SEI\u5c06\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5904\u7406\u8303\u56f4\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\u7f3a\u9677\u9884\u9632\u3001\u6280\u672f\u66f4\u6539\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u66f4\u6539\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>5.IDEAL\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><br \/>\nSEI\u8fd8\u4e3a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u786e\u7acb\u4e86IDEAL\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8bb8\u591aSW-CMM\u5c5e\u6027\u3002IDEAL\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u6709\u4e0b\u52175\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u542f\u52a8<\/strong><\/span>\u2014\u2014\u5728IDEAL\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6982\u8ff0\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e3e\u63aa\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u8bca\u65ad<\/strong><\/span>\u2014\u2014\u5728\u8bca\u65ad\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5206\u6790\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e3a\u66f4\u6539\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5efa\u7acb<\/strong><\/span>\u2014\u2014\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u91c7\u7528\u8bca\u65ad\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f00\u53d1\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u52a8\u4f5c\u8ba1\u5212\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u884c\u52a8<\/strong><\/span>\u2014\u2014\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u505c\u6b62&#8221;\u8ba8\u8bba&#8221;\u5f00\u59cb&#8221;\u6267\u884c&#8221;\u3002\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f00\u53d1\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6539\u8fdb\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong><\/span>\u2014\u2014\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u8d28\u91cf\u6539\u8fdb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0d\u65ad\u5206\u6790\u5176\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0\u671f\u671b\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u53d6\u65b0\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u4f7f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u91cd\u8fd4\u6b63\u8f68\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bb0\u5fc6 SW-CMM \u548c IDEAL \u6a21\u578b\u768410\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\u540d\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd(IIDREDAMLO)\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e0b\u6b63\u5750\u5728\u75c5\u533b\u751f\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u7684\u957f\u4e0a\u8bf4\u7740\uff1a&#8221;I&#8230;I\uff0cDr.Ed\uff0cam lo(w)&#8221;\u3002\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u591f\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8fd9\u53e5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u62bd\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ea7\u522b\u540d\u7684\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u6210\u4e24\u5217\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u987a\u5e8f\u91cd\u6784\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ea7\u522b\u540d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>20.1.4 \u7518\u7279\u56fe\u4e0ePERT<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7518\u7279\u56fe\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6761\u5f62\u56fe\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5e2e\u52a9\u8ba1\u5212\u3001\u534f\u8c03\u548c\u8ddf\u8e2a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u56fe\u8868\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8ba1\u5212\u8bc4\u5ba1\u6280\u672f(Program Evaluation Review Technique\uff0cPERT)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9879\u76ee\u8c03\u5ea6\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u5224\u65ad\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5e76\u4e14\u4e3a\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30\u8ba1\u7b97\u6807\u51c6\u504f\u5dee(StandardDeviation\uff0cSD)\u3002<\/strong>PERT\u5c06\u4f30\u8ba1\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u53ef\u80fd\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6700\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u5927\u5c0f\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">PERT\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u6539\u8fdb\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5f00\u53d1\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/span>\u968f\u7740\u7f16\u7a0b\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u5f97\u5230\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u6210\u5927\u5c0f\u5e94\u5f53\u66f4\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.1.5 \u53d8\u66f4\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u65e6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53d1\u5e03\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u8bf7\u6c42\u589e\u52a0\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u4fee\u6b63bug\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u6b63\u50cf\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f00\u53d1\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u4e25\u5bc6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u66f4\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u4e2d\u592e\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3001\u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u5206\u6790\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d8\u66f4\u7ba1\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u8bf7\u6c42\u63a7\u5236<\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/strong>\u8bf7\u6c42\u63a7\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u5185\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d8\u66f4\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6210\u672c\/\u6548\u76ca\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u53d8\u66f4\u63a7\u5236\u2014\u2014<\/strong>\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u66f4\u63a7\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6765\u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u906d\u9047\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u4e14\u5206\u6790\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u884c\u5f25\u8865\u7684\u9002\u5f53\u53d8\u66f4\u3002<\/span>\u53d8\u66f4\u63a7\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u5185\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u524d\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u67d0\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u53d8\u66f4\u63a7\u5236\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u9075\u5b88\u8d28\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u66f4\u6539\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u8bb0\u5f55\u4efb\u4f55\u7f16\u7801\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c06\u65b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u53d1\u5e03\u63a7\u5236\u2014\u2014<\/strong>\u4e00\u65e6\u5b8c\u6210\u53d8\u66f4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u5e03\u63a7\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u53d1\u5e03\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002<\/span>\u53d1\u5e03\u63a7\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\uff1a\u590d\u6838\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u66f4\u6539\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f16\u7a0b\u8f85\u52a9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4ee3\u7801(\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8c03\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\/\u6216\u540e\u95e8)\uff0c\u5728\u53d1\u5e03\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e4b\u524d\u90fd\u5df2\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3002\u53d1\u5e03\u63a7\u5236\u8fd8\u5e94\u5f53\u5305\u62ec\u9a8c\u6536\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u4f5c\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u66f4\u6539\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u548c\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u9664\u4e86\u66f4\u6539\u63a7\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8fd8\u5e94\u5f53\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/span>\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u6574\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6b63\u5f0f\u8ddf\u8e2a\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5177\u6709\u4e0b\u52174\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u6807\u8bc6\u2014\u2014<\/strong>\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6807\u8bc6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8bb0\u5f55\u6574\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u63a7\u5236\u2014\u2014<\/strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u63a7\u5236\u786e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u8981\u4e0e\u66f4\u6539\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6388\u6743\u5206\u53d1\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u6267\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\u7edf\u8ba1\u2014\u2014<\/strong>\u7528\u4e8e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6240\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u6388\u6743\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u6b63\u89c4\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u5ba1\u8ba1\u2014\u2014<\/strong>\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u5ba1\u8ba1\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u4fdd\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u7edf\u8ba1\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u786e\u4fdd\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u672a\u6388\u6743\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u53d8\u66f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u53d8\u66f4\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u672f\u4e00\u8d77\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u9632\u6b62\u7ec4\u7ec7\u906d\u9047\u4e0e\u5f00\u53d1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>20.1.6 DevOps\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u6280\u672f\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u4fdd\u8bc1\u548c\u6280\u672f\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u8981\u7684IT\u804c\u80fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u8131\u8282\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u804c\u80fd\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u914d\u5907\u7ed9\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5f7c\u6b64\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u51b2\u7a81\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u5f53\u95ee\u9898\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u8d77\u5408\u4f5c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7ecf\u5e38&#8221;\u8e22\u76ae\u7403&#8221;\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b98\u50da\u4f5c\u98ce\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>DevOps\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u4e09\u79cd\u804c\u80fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/strong>DevOps\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u662f\u5f00\u53d1(Development)\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c(Operations)\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5408\u4e95\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u624d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u3002<strong>DevOps\u6a21\u578b\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u4fdd\u8bc1<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u548c<\/span>IT\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span>\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u6027\u3002<\/strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">DevOps\u6a21\u578b\u4e0e\u654f\u6377\u5f00\u53d1\u65b9\u6cd5\u7d27\u5bc6\u914d\u5408\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u663e\u8457\u5730\u7f29\u77ed\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u6539\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e38\u5e38\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e3b\u8981\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90e8\u7f72\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f7f\u7528DevOps\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u901a\u5e38\u6bcf\u5929\u90e8\u7f72\u4ee3\u7801\u591a\u6b21\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u751a\u81f3\u52aa\u529b\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fde\u7eed\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bcf\u5929\u90e8\u7f72\u51e0\u5341\u751a\u81f3\u51e0\u767e\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.1.7 \u5e94\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u65e9\u671f\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u96f6\u552e\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u90e8\u4fe1\u7528\u5361\u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u5206\u4eab\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u91c7\u8d2d\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e0e\u8fd0\u8f93\u4f9b\u5e94\u7f51\u7ad9\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u63a8\u8350\u8ba1\u5212\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8de8\u7ad9\u70b9\u529f\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u7f51\u7ad9\u5fc5\u987b\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e94\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3(API)\u3002API\u5141\u8bb8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7ed5\u8fc7\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u4e95\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u5e95\u5c42\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.1.8 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u5206\u53d1(\u6216\u5e02\u573a\u53d1\u5e03)\u4efb\u4f55\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u5f7b\u5e95\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u65f6\u3002<\/span>\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u67d0\u4e2a\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u673a\u5236\u548c\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u8be5\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5e94\u5f53\u4e0e\u4ea7\u54c1\u672c\u8eab\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/strong>\u7f16\u7a0b\u56e2\u961f\u5e94\u5f53\u5f00\u53d1\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ec4\u4ee5\u53ca\u9884\u5148\u77e5\u9053\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ec4\u80fd\u591f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.1.9 \u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u5e93<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u9700\u8981\u5171\u540c\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5927\u578b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u56e2\u961f\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u627f\u62c5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f7f\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u590d\u6742\u5316\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5730\u7406\u4e0a\u5206\u6563\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u653e\u7f6e\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5b58\u50a8<\/span>\u70b9\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u5e93(\u5982GitHub\u3001Bitbucket\u548cSourceForge)\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3001Web\u6258\u7ba1\u3001\u53d1\u5e03\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u652f\u6301\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u529f\u80fd<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u4ed3\u5e93\u662f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u534f\u4f5c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/strong>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u9002\u5f53\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u5982\u652f\u6301\u5f00\u6e90\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5141\u8bb8\u516c\u4f17\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u5982\u6258\u7ba1\u542b\u6709\u5546\u4e1a\u673a\u5bc6\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u9650\u5236\u5bf9\u6388\u6743\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u4ed3\u5e93\u6240\u6709\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\/\u6216\u5199\u5165\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.1.10 \u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u7ea7\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u4f7f\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u7ea7\u534f\u8bae(SLA)\u662f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u662f\u88ab\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u90fd\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u786e\u4fdd\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5411\u5185\u90e8\u548c\/\u6216\u5916\u90e8\u5ba2\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u9002\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u751f\u5b58\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7535\u8def\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u4ef6\u90fd\u7f6e\u5165SLA\u662f\u660e\u667a\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">SLA\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2022\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4(\u5982\u603b\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2022\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u7eed\u505c\u673a\u65f6\u95f4(\u4ee5\u79d2\/\u5206\u949f\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u7b49)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2022\u9ad8\u5cf0\u8d1f\u8377<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2022\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8377<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2022\u8d23\u4efb\u8bca\u65ad<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u2022\u6545\u969c\u5207\u6362\u65f6\u95f4(\u5982\u5197\u4f59\u5230\u4f4d)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ef4\u6301\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7ea7\u522b\u534f\u8bae\u901a\u5e38\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u8d22\u52a1\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5408\u7ea6\u5546\u8ba8\u597d\u7684\u8865\u6551\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5173\u952e\u7535\u8def\u505c\u673a\u8d85\u8fc715\u5206\u949f\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u610f\u653e\u5f03\u8be5\u7535\u8def\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8d39\u7528\u4e00\u5468\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.1.11 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u91c7\u8d2d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f01\u4e1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ece\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u90a3\u91cc\u91c7\u8d2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u88ab\u8d2d\u4e70\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5373\u670d\u52a1(1\u5766\u767d\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f\u4ee5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5373\u670d\u52a1(SaaS)\u65b9\u5f0f\u901a\u8fc7Web\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4ece\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8d2d\u4e70\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u5f53\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d2d\u4e70\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u65f6\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5b89\u5168\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u516c\u544a\u548c\u8865\u4e01\u4fdd\u6301\u8b66\u60d5\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ea0\u6b63\u65b0\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u4e0d\u5c65\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e49\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728SaaS\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b89\u5168\u8d23\u4efb\u7531\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u5458\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u9003\u8131\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u8d1f\u8d23\u540c\u6837\u591a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u8d1f\u8d23\u76d1\u63a7\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u3001\u6f0f\u6d1e\u626b\u63cf\u548c\u65e8\u5728\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u662f\u5426\u4fdd\u6301\u9002\u5f53\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n<h6>20.2 \u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4ed3\u50a8<\/h6>\n<p><strong>20.2.1 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u76ee\u524d\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf(DBMS)\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf(RDBMS)\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684DBMS\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a\u5c42\u6b21\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>1.\u5c42\u6b21\u5f0f\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5c42\u6b21\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/span>\u5c06\u5173\u8054\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ec4\u5408\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8fd0\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a&#8221;\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a&#8221;\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u90fd\u53ea\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7236\u8282\u70b9\u3002<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/span>\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u903b\u8f91\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7531\u901a\u8fc7\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u4ecd\u7136\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5355\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5b50\u5b57\u6bb5\u548c\u7236\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u7531\u884c\u548c\u5217\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5e73\u9762\u4e8c\u7ef4\u8868\u3002<\/span><\/strong>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u884c\u5217\u7ed3\u6784\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6784\u4ef6\u662f\u8868(\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5173\u7cfb)\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u4e3b\u952e\uff1a\u4ece\u8868\u7684\u8fd9\u7ec4\u5019\u9009\u952e\u4e2d\u9009\u51fa\u7684\u7528\u6765\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u8868\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u952e\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e\u3002<\/span>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u90fd\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u952e\uff0c\u7531\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8005\u4ece\u8fd9\u7ec4\u5019\u9009\u952e\u4e2d\u9009\u51fa\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u51c6\u8bb8\u5229\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u4e3b\u952e\u63d2\u5165\u591a\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0cRDBMS\u5f3a\u5236\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u4e3b\u952e\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5916\u952e\uff1a\u5916\u952e\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5f3a\u5236\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u8868\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u5173\u7cfb(\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u53c2\u7167\u5b8c\u6574\u6027)\u3002<\/span>\u53c2\u7167\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u786e\u4fdd\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u952e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u5185\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e3b\u952e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5019\u9009\u952e\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u8868\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5b50\u96c6\u3002<\/span>\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u952e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e24\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\u90fd\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5019\u9009\u952e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4ece\u5217\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u9009\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>20.2.2 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u652f\u6301\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u663e\u5f0f\u548c\u9690\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u90fd\u662fSQL\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u79bb\u6563\u96c6\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9bSQL\u6307\u4ee4\u8981\u4e48\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6210\u529f\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e8b\u52a1\u90fd\u5177\u67094\u4e2a\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3001\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3001\u9694\u79bb\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u3002<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u5408\u79f0\u4e3aACID\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/strong>\u4e0b\u9762\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8fd94\u79cd\u9700\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u539f\u5b50\u6027<\/strong><\/span>\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e8b\u52a1\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f&#8221;\u8981\u4e48\u5168\u6709\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5168\u65e0&#8221;\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u90e8\u5206\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6574\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u56de\u6518\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u6ca1\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/strong><\/span>\u2014\u2014\u6240\u6709\u4e8b\u52a1\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6240\u6709\u89c4\u5219(\u4f8b\u5982\u6240\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4e3b\u952e)\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5f00\u59cb\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4e8b\u52a1\u672c\u8eab\u64cd\u4f5c\u671f\u95f4\u662f\u5426\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u518d\u6b21\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\u52a1\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u9694\u79bb\u6027<\/strong><\/span>\u2014\u2014\u9694\u79bb\u6027\u539f\u5219\u8981\u6c42\u4e8b\u52a1\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u72ec\u7acb\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u66f4\u6539\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u636e\u7684SQL\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u66f4\u6539\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u5fc5\u987b\u5b8c\u5168\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u9694\u79bb\u6027\u80fd\u591f\u9632\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u9014\u751f\u6210\u7684\u65e0\u6548\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u6301\u4e45\u6027<\/strong><\/span>\u2014\u2014\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e8b\u52a1\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6301\u4e45\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ed9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5907\u4efd\u673a\u5236(\u4f8b\u5982\u4e8b\u52a1\u65e5\u5fd7)\u786e\u4fdd\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>20.2.3 \u591a\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u7b2c1\u7ae0\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u6570\u636e\u5ba2\u4f53\u548c\u5355\u72ec\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6848\u5f3a\u5236\u5b9e\u65bd\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5f53\u5f97\u5230\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u59d4\u6258\u6388\u6743\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u7c7b\u6982\u5ff5\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u591a\u7ea7\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5305\u542b\u5927\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u7c7b\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ea\u63d0\u4f9b\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6982\u5ff5\u663e\u5f97\u7a0d\u5fae\u590d\u6742\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002<br \/>\n\u8981\u6c42\u591a\u7ea7\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4f7f\u6570\u636e\u6ee1\u8db3\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5b89\u5168\u9700\u6c42\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u5c06\u5206\u7c7b\u7ea7\u522b\u548c\u5200\u6216&#8221;\u77e5\u5176\u6240\u9700&#8221;\u9700\u6c42\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6df7\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u90e8\u7f72\u53ef\u4fe1\u524d\u7aef\u4e3a\u65e7\u5f0f\u7684\u6216\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684DBMS\u6dfb\u52a0\u591a\u7ea7\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.2.4 ODBC<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5f00\u653e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e92\u8fde(ODBC)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5206\u522b\u9488\u5bf9\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u6bcf\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u578b\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u578b\u901a\u4fe1\u3002ODBC\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u540e\u7aef\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee3\u7406\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4f7f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u7a0b\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u7531\u521b\u5efa\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8003\u8651\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n<h6>20.3 \u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4fe1\u606f<\/h6>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df1\u7ecf\u5e2e\u52a9\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5bf9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4eba\u548c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u6267\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6240\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5c11\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u4e13\u5bb6\u5fc5\u987b\u8bb0\u4f4f\u7684\u662f\uff0cDBMS\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u7edf\u7684&#8221;\u524d\u95e8&#8221;\u6e20\u9053\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6570\u636e\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8d44\u6e90(\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u7269\u7406\u4ecb\u8d28)\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u514d\u53d7\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u91c7\u53d6\u9884\u9632\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6c38\u8fdc\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c06\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u91d1\u94b1\u82b1\u8d39\u5728\u53ea\u4fdd\u62a4\u524d\u95e8\u800c\u4ee4\u540e\u95e8\u5927\u5f00\uff0c\u662f\u5417?<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.3.1 \u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u51e0\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u578b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u5e73\u8861\u5904\u7406\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<br \/>\n\u4e3b\u5b58\uff1a<br \/>\n\u8f85\u5b58\uff1a<br \/>\n\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff1a<br \/>\n\u865a\u62df\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\uff1a<br \/>\n\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\uff1a<br \/>\n\u987a\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\uff1a<br \/>\n\u6613\u5931\u6027\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\uff1a<br \/>\n\u975e\u6613\u5931\u6027\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.3.2 \u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u5a01\u80c1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u4e13\u5bb6\u5e94\u5f53\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e24\u79cd\u9488\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5a01\u80c1\u662f\u65e0\u8bba\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\uff0c\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u5bf9\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u5982\u679c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4e0d\u5b9e\u884c\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5165\u4fb5\u8005\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5076\u7136\u53d1\u73b0\u654f\u611f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u66f4\u52a0\u654f\u611f\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8fd8\u5e94\u5f53\u9632\u6b62\u7ed5\u8fc7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a7\u5236\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7269\u7406\u5b58\u50a8\u4ecb\u8d28\u4ee5\u68c0\u7d22\u6570\u636e\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u7ea7\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u5f53\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u6545\u969c\u5b89\u5168(fail-safe)\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u67d0\u4e2a\u5206\u7c7b\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f83\u4f4e\u5206\u7c7b\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u9690\u853d\u901a\u9053\u653b\u51fb\u662f\u5bf9\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u9690\u6572\u5b58\u50a8\u901a\u9053\u51c6\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u5730\u64cd\u7eb5\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u4ecb\u8d28\uff0c\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5206\u7c7b\u7ea7\u522b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u8f93\u654f\u611f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u5411\u4e0d\u7ecf\u610f\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6216\u7269\u7406\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5199\u5165\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u6837\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9690\u853d\u5b58\u50a8\u901a\u9053\u53ef\u80fd\u64cd\u7eb5\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u7ea7\u522b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5077\u5077\u5730\u4f20\u9001\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u9690\u853d\u901a\u9053\u5206\u6790\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u770b\u7b2c8\u7ae0&#8221;\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u80fd\u529b&#8221;\u3002<\/p>\n<h6>20.4 \u7406\u89e3\u57fa\u4e8e\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h6>\n<p><strong>20.4.1 \u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bd5\u56fe\u5177\u4f53\u5316\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u5b66\u79d1\u7d2f\u79ef\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ee5\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u6765\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u5df1\u7ecf\u8868\u660e\uff1a\u5728\u6b63\u786e\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e38\u5e38\u80fd\u591f\u505a\u51fa\u6bd4\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u51b3\u7b56\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u975e\u4e07\u65e0\u4e00\u5931\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u5b8c\u5168\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u5236\u8ba2\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u7d27\u8feb\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u60c5\u7eea\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7d27\u6025\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u80a1\u7968\u4ea4\u6613\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u65f6\u56e0\u60c5\u7eea\u56e0\u7d20\u59a8\u788d\u505a\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u8d37\u6b3e\u673a\u6784\u73b0\u5728\u91c7\u7528\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u505a\u51fa\u4fe1\u7528\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u4fe1\u8d37\u6b3e\u4e3b\u7ba1\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u8bdd&#8221;\u597d\uff0c\u867d\u7136Jim\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6709\u51c6\u65f6\u4ed8\u8d26\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u4eba\u3002&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.4.2 \u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5355\u5143\u94fe\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6a21\u4eff\u4eba\u8111\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u63a8\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/span>\u5728\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u89c4\u5219\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5219\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e92\u76f8\u63d2\u5165\u548c\u6700\u7ec8\u5408\u8ba1\u751f\u6210\u9884\u671f\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u51b3\u7b56\u957f\u94fe\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6240\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u60f3\u8fbe\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u8fd8\u6709\u5f85\u65f6\u65e5\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u63a8\u52a8\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u8d8a\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\u7ebf\u578b\u3001\u8f93\u5165-\u8f93\u51fa\u6620\u5c04\u548c\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u3002\u5728\u7528\u4e8e\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u8138\u90e8\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u5929\u6c14\u9884\u62a5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5173\u4e8e\u610f\u8bc6\u4e0e\u601d\u8003\u6a21\u578b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u70b9\u5341\u5206\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5178\u578b\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6d89\u53ca\u5f88\u591a\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u5408\u8ba1\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u5408\u8ba1\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u6743\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u5236\u5b9a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u671f\u5f85\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u6bcf\u79cd\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u503c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u88ab\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u57f9\u8bad\u9636\u6bb5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u88ab\u63d0\u4f9b\u6b63\u786e\u51b3\u7b56\u5df1\u77e5\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u968f\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u9006\u5411\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u786e\u5b9a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6743\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6d3b\u52a8\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3aDelta\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u5b66\u4e60\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Delta\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.4.3 \u51b3\u7b56\u652f\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u51b3\u7b56\u652f\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf(DecisionSupportSystem\uff0cDSS)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u77e5\u8bc6\u578b\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u5206\u6790\u4e1a\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u4e14\u4ee5\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u505a\u51fa\u4e1a\u52a1\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/span><strong>\u51b3\u7b56\u652f\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u591a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4fe1\u606f\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/strong>DSS\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u77e5\u8bc6\u578b\u5458\u5de5(\u4f8b\u5982\u670d\u52a1\u53f0\u4eba\u5458\u6216\u5ba2\u6237\u652f\u6301\u4eba\u5458)\u548c\u9500\u552e\u670d\u52a1\u4eba\u5458(\u4f8b\u5982\u7535\u8bdd\u63a8\u9500\u5458)\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>20.4.4 \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u90fd\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b89\u5168\u9886\u57df\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u5b83\u4eec<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5feb\u901f<\/span>\u505a\u51fa<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u4e00\u81f4<\/span>\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6ca1\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u4e3a\u4e86\u5bfb\u627e\u5f02\u5e38\u800c\u5bf9\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5ba1\u8ba1\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3001\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3002\u8fd9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5929\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u5bf9\u77db\u76fe\uff01<\/p>\n<h6>20.5 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5f88\u5feb\u6210\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6700\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\u4ece\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u4e86\u89e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u81ea\u8eab\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u662f\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5145\u5206\u4e86\u89e3\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u672f\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5b9e\u73b0\u9488\u5bf9\u6076\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\/\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u9632\u62a4\u3002<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6076\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ed9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u5e26\u6765\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/strong>\u5728\u975e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u5305\u62ec<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u75c5\u6bd2\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u70b8\u5f39\u3001\u7279\u6d1b\u4f0a\u6728\u9a6c\u548c\u8815\u866b<\/span>\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8d44\u6e90\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5145\u5206\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u5ba1\u8ba1\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u957f\u7684\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u8d23\u4efb\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5e94\u5f53\u82b1\u4e00\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\u8bf7\u6559\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e76\u5b66\u4e60\u76f8\u5173\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3001\u4e66\u7c4d\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u9887\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u63a7\u5236\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a7\u5236\u624b\u6bb5\u5305\u62ec\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9694\u79bb\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u5212\u5206\u62bd\u8c61\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u7ea7\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u59cb\u7ec8\u5e94\u5f53\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5f00\u53d1\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u8ba1\u5212\u7f16\u5236\u9636\u6bb5\u5f15\u5165\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u9636\u6bb5\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6>20.6 \u8003\u8bd5\u8981\u70b9<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u89e3\u91ca\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf(RDBMS)\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/strong>\u4e86\u89e3\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u91ca\u8868(\u5173\u7cfb)\u3001\u884c(\u8bb0\u5f55\/\u5143\u7ec4)\u548c\u5217(\u5c5e\u6027)\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8868\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u952e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u95f4\u5b9a\u4e49\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u63cf\u8ff0\u7531\u805a\u5408\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u77e5\u9053\u5404\u79cd\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/strong>\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3b\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u3001\u865a\u62df\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u3001\u8f85\u52a9\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u3001\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u548c\u987a\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u3001\u6613\u5931\u6027\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u548c\u975e\u6613\u5931\u6027\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u89e3\u91ca\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/strong>\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217&#8221;if\/then&#8221;\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\uff1b\u4f7f\u7528\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\u4fe1\u606f\u5f97\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\u3002\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u62df\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u6709\u9650\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u901a\u8fc7\u5b89\u6392\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5206\u5c42\u8ba1\u7b97\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u9700\u8981\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7406\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u7011\u5e03\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/strong>\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6700\u7ec8\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ea\u80fd\u56de\u9000\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u87ba\u65cb\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/span>\u53cd\u590d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u7011\u5e03\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u751f\u6210\u8bb8\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u548c\u5b8c\u5168\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u539f\u578b\u3002<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u654f\u6377\u5f00\u53d1\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/span>\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fed\u4ee3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u63cf\u8ff0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u6210\u719f\u5ea6\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/strong>\u77e5\u9053\u6210\u719f\u5ea6\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u65bd\u4ece\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u3001\u6df7\u4e71\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5230\u6210\u719f\u7684\u3001\u6709\u7eaa\u5f8b\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6210\u719f\u5ea6\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u80fd\u591f\u63cf\u8ff0 SW-CMM \u548cIDEAL\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u7406\u89e3\u53d8\u66f4\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u77e5\u9053\u53d8\u66f4\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u8bf7\u6c42\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u53d8\u66f4\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u53d1\u5e03\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u89e3\u91ca\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u5982\u4f55\u63a7\u5236\u5728\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7406\u89e3\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u5f53\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/span>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6539\u5584\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5 id=\"id-\u6a21\u677f-\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a\">\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/down.51cto.com\/data\/2331203\">CISSP\u5b98\u65b9\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5357\u7b2c7\u7248\uff08\u4e2d\u6587\uff09-\u6587\u5b57\u7248\u5e26\u5b8c\u6574\u4e66\u7b7e<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>=END=<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>=Start= \u7f18\u7531\uff1a \u5907\u8003CISSP\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u6574\u7406\u5728\u770b\u300aCISSP\u5b98\u65b9\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5357\uff08\u7b2c7\u7248\uff09\u300b\u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,25],"tags":[944,270,1005,924,1004],"class_list":["post-3726","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledgebase-2","category-security","tag-cissp","tag-sdl","tag-1005","tag-924","tag-1004"],"views":5036,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3726","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3726"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3726\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3727,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3726\/revisions\/3727"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3726"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3726"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3726"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}