{"id":4073,"date":"2018-08-19T10:59:15","date_gmt":"2018-08-19T02:59:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/?p=4073"},"modified":"2018-08-19T10:59:15","modified_gmt":"2018-08-19T02:59:15","slug":"servlet-tomcat-jetty-netty%e5%88%86%e5%88%ab%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/archives\/4073.html","title":{"rendered":"Servlet, Tomcat, Jetty, Netty\u5206\u522b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48?"},"content":{"rendered":"

=Start=<\/p>\n

\u7f18\u7531\uff1a<\/h4>\n

\u56e0\u4e3aJava\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u5728\u78b0\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u540d\u8bcd\u65f6\u8fd8\u4e0d\u592a\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u6574\u7406\u548c\u603b\u7ed3\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5728Java Web\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e0d\u5bf9\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u8fd8\u8bf7\u5e2e\u5fd9\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8c22\u8c22\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u6587\uff1a<\/h4>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u89e3\u7b54\uff1a<\/h5>\n

# \u5404\u81ea\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong><\/p>\n

Servlet<\/a><\/h2>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5c42\u9762\uff0cServlet\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong>\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

public interface Servlet {\r\n\r\n    public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException;\r\n\r\n    public ServletConfig getServletConfig();\r\n\r\n    public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)\r\n            throws ServletException, IOException;\r\n\r\n    public String getServletInfo();\r\n\r\n    public void destroy();\r\n}<\/pre>\n
\u5176\u6b21\uff0cServlet\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u8d77\u5230\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u300c\u89c4\u8303\u300d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff01<\/strong><\/span>Servlet\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0Servlet\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b83\u90a3\u4e94\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u65b9\u6cd5init()\u548cdestroy()\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684service()\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0Servlet\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u60f3\u8981\uff08\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u8303\uff09\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u4f60\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u8981\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\uff08init()\uff09<\/li>\n
  2. \u4f60\u63a5\u53d7\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u8981\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\uff08service()\uff09<\/li>\n
  3. \u4f60\u9500\u6bc1\u65f6\u8981\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\uff08destroy()\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    J2EE \u00a06\u6587\u6863\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1a<\/p>\n
    A servlet is a small Java program that runs within a Web server. Servlets receive and respond to requests from Web clients, usually across HTTP, the HyperText Transfer Protocol.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
    \u201cServlet<\/strong>\u00a0\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\u7684Java\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002Servlet\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5e76\u9488\u5bf9Web\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f5c\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong>\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7HTTP<\/strong><\/i>\uff0c\u5373\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u8f93\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n
    \u7efc\u4e0a\uff0cServlet\u662fJ2EE \u89c4\u8303\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6269\u5c55Java\u4f5c\u4e3aWeb\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n
    Tomcat<\/a><\/h2>\n
    Apache Tomcat<\/b>, often referred to as\u00a0Tomcat Server<\/b>, is an open-source\u00a0Java Servlet Container<\/a>\u00a0developed by the\u00a0Apache Software Foundation<\/a>\u00a0(ASF). Tomcat implements several\u00a0Java EE<\/a>\u00a0specifications including\u00a0Java Servlet<\/a>,\u00a0JavaServer Pages<\/a>\u00a0(JSP),\u00a0Java EL<\/a>, and\u00a0WebSocket<\/a>, and provides a “pure\u00a0Java<\/a>”\u00a0HTTP<\/a>\u00a0web server<\/a>\u00a0environment in which\u00a0Java<\/a>\u00a0code can run.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
    Tomcat\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531Apache\u8f6f\u4ef6\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\uff08ASF\uff09\u5f00\u6e90\u7684Java Servlet\u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/strong><\/span>Tomcat\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9bJava EE\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5305\u62ecServlet\uff0cJSP\uff0cJava EL\u548cWebSocket\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eafJava\u7684HTTP Web\u670d\u52a1\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n
    Tomcat 4.x was released with Catalina (a servlet container), Coyote (an HTTP connector) and Jasper (a\u00a0JSP engine<\/a>).<\/p>\n
    Three new components were added with the release of Tomcat 7:
    \nCluster \/ High availability \/ Web application<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
    Jetty<\/a><\/h2>\n
    Eclipse Jetty<\/b>\u00a0is a\u00a0Java<\/a>\u00a0HTTP (Web) server<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Java Servlet<\/a>\u00a0container. While Web Servers are usually associated with serving documents to people, Jetty is now often used for machine to machine communications, usually within larger software frameworks. Jetty is developed as a\u00a0free<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0open source<\/a>\u00a0project as part of the\u00a0Eclipse Foundation<\/a>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
    Jetty\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aJava HTTP(Web)\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548cJava Servlet\u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u5c3d\u7ba1Jetty\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u4eba\u4eec\u8bb0\u5f55\u6210Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u662fJetty\u73b0\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u673a\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u8baf\u3002Jetty\u662f\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3aEclipse\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n
    Netty<\/a><\/h2>\n
    Netty<\/b>\u00a0is a\u00a0non-blocking I\/O<\/a>\u00a0client-server\u00a0framework<\/a>\u00a0for the development of\u00a0Java<\/a>\u00a0network applications such as protocol servers and clients. The asynchronous\u00a0event-driven<\/a>\u00a0network application framework and tools are used to simplify\u00a0network programming<\/a>\u00a0such as\u00a0TCP<\/a>and\u00a0UDP<\/a>\u00a0socket servers.[2]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Netty includes an implementation of the\u00a0reactor pattern<\/a>\u00a0of programming. Originally developed by JBoss, Netty is now developed and maintained by the Netty Project Community.<\/p>\n
    Besides being an asynchronous network application framework, Netty also includes built-in\u00a0HTTP<\/a>,\u00a0HTTP2<\/a>,\u00a0DNS<\/a>\u00a0and more protocols support, including the ability to run inside a\u00a0servlet container<\/a>, support for\u00a0WebSockets<\/a>, integration with\u00a0Google<\/a>\u00a0Protocol Buffers<\/a>,\u00a0SSL<\/a>\/TLS<\/a>\u00a0support, support for\u00a0SPDY<\/a>\u00a0protocol and support for message\u00a0compression<\/a>. Netty has been actively developed since 2004.[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n
    As of version 4.0.0, Netty also supports the usage of\u00a0NIO.2<\/a>\u00a0as a\u00a0backend<\/a>, along with\u00a0NIO<\/a>\u00a0and blocking Java sockets.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
    Netty \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5f02\u6b65\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u7684 NIO \u6846\u67b6<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9 TCP\u3001UDP \u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u6b65 NIO \u6846\u67b6\uff0cNetty \u7684\u6240\u6709 IO \u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u975e\u963b\u585e\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 Future-Listener \u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u901a\u77e5\u673a\u5236\u83b7\u5f97 IO \u64cd\u4f5c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
    # \u5404\u81ea\u7684\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3001\u8303\u56f4<\/strong><\/p>\n