{"id":866,"date":"2014-08-05T11:01:46","date_gmt":"2014-08-05T11:01:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/?p=866"},"modified":"2014-08-05T11:01:46","modified_gmt":"2014-08-05T11:01:46","slug":"linux%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%80%e4%ba%9b%e6%96%87%e6%9c%ac%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e7%9a%84%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/archives\/866.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5b66\u4e60"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0cLinux\/Unix\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\u662f\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5404\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4f3c\u642d\u79ef\u6728\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u7ec4\u88c5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u6240\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u5f97\u7528\u6237\u83b7\u5f97\u6781\u5927\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6839\u636eUnix\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u5de7\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u770b\u6765\uff1a\u5c0f\u5373\u662f\u7f8e\uff08\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u3001\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u8f83\u5c11\u3001\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bb9\u6613\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff09\u3002<span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\/\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u9700\u4e13\u5fc3\u505a\u597d\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u7ba1\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ecf\u5408\u5242\u5c06\u5404\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u5f88\u591a\u90fd\u662f\u5185\u7f6e\u5728\u5404Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b89\u88c5\u8d77\u6765\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>rev #\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6bcf\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u53cd\u5e8f{\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u53d8}<\/li>\n<li>tac #\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u884c\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u53cd\u5e8f{\u7b2c1\u884c\u53d8\u6210\u6700\u540e1\u884c\u2026\u2026}<\/li>\n<li>nl #\u8ba1\u7b97\u884c\u53f7\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668{nl filename\u5c06\u4f1a\u628afilename\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u8f93\u51fa\u5230stdout\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f1a\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u975e\u7a7a\u884c\u7684\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u884c\u53f7\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709filename\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u64cd\u4f5cstdin\u3002nl\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0ecat -n\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0bnl\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u7a7a\u884c}<\/li>\n<li>sort #\u8d77\u6392\u5e8f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u201cman sort\u201d\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u770b\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u4f1a\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4f8b\u5b50\u770b\u7740\u770b\u7740\u5c31\u4f1a\u7528\u4e86\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u4e0d\u884c\u5728\u6700\u540e\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2a\u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u770b<\/li>\n<li>uniq #\u5220\u9664\u8fde\u7eed\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u884c\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7ba1\u9053\u63a5\u5728sort\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5171\u540c\u8d77\u5230\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u53bb\u91cd\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/li>\n<li>cut #\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u57df\/\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0eawk\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684print $N\u547d\u4ee4\u5f88\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528cut\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u6bd4\u4f7f\u7528awk\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5f97\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\u5c31\u662f-d(\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b9a\u754c\u7b26)\u548c-f(\u57df\u5206\u9694\u7b26)\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/li>\n<li>paste #\u6309\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u573a\u5408\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528<\/li>\n<li>join #\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u548cpaste\u547d\u4ee4\u5f88\u50cf\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6765\u5408\u5e76\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u8054\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u7248\u672c\u3002join\u547d\u4ee4\u53ea\u80fd\u591f\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u90a3\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u6807\u8bb0\u57df(\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6807\u7b7e)\u7684\u884c\u5408\u5e76\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u5230stdout\u3002\u88ab\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5e94\u8be5\u4e8b\u5148\u6839\u636e\u6807\u8bb0\u57df\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>head \/ tail \/ more \/ less #\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5c31\u5148\u4e0d\u591a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86<\/li>\n<li>expand \/ unexpand #expand\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u4f1a\u628a\u6bcf\u4e2atab\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u5728\u7ba1\u9053\u4e2d\u3002unexpand\u547d\u4ee4\u8d77\u5230\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4e0eexpand\u547d\u4ee4\u76f8\u53cd<\/li>\n<li>fold<\/li>\n<li>fmt<\/li>\n<li>col<\/li>\n<li>column<\/li>\n<li>colrm<\/li>\n<li>pr<\/li>\n<li>tr<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6>\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h6>\n<pre class=\"lang:default decode:true \"># cat my.md5\nff2d1296bf8fec4ed6d038cda1541d9f  aa\/blockIP.sh\n252700d91ddb9d1cc4d8fd7907300a80  aa\/delegated-apnic-latest\nf8595be2cb014549c5a2749e44b26153  aa\/time_df.awk\n81ee36494bd6885313e61992e0ee5d1e  aa\/calc_subnet.sh\n2befccb3ee74b9540e06e9367b410f62  aa\/test.sh\n06e4d738c36c74f8c7d6811858ae7123  aa\/404_ipList.txt\n#\n# tac my.md5\n06e4d738c36c74f8c7d6811858ae7123  aa\/404_ipList.txt\n2befccb3ee74b9540e06e9367b410f62  aa\/test.sh\n81ee36494bd6885313e61992e0ee5d1e  aa\/calc_subnet.sh\nf8595be2cb014549c5a2749e44b26153  aa\/time_df.awk\n252700d91ddb9d1cc4d8fd7907300a80  aa\/delegated-apnic-latest\nff2d1296bf8fec4ed6d038cda1541d9f  aa\/blockIP.sh\n#\n# rev my.md5\nhs.PIkcolb\/aa  f9d1451adc830d6de4cef8fb6921d2ff\ntsetal-cinpa-detageled\/aa  08a0037097df8d4cc1d9bdd19d007252\nkwa.fd_emit\/aa  35162b44e9472a5c945410bc2eb5958f\nhs.tenbus_clac\/aa  e1d5ee0e29916e3135886db49463ee18\nhs.tset\/aa  26f014b7639e60e0459b47ee3bccfeb2\ntxt.tsiLpi_404\/aa  3217ea8581186d7c8f47c63c837d4e60\n#\n# nl my.md5\n     1  ff2d1296bf8fec4ed6d038cda1541d9f  aa\/blockIP.sh\n     2  252700d91ddb9d1cc4d8fd7907300a80  aa\/delegated-apnic-latest\n     3  f8595be2cb014549c5a2749e44b26153  aa\/time_df.awk\n     4  81ee36494bd6885313e61992e0ee5d1e  aa\/calc_subnet.sh\n     5  2befccb3ee74b9540e06e9367b410f62  aa\/test.sh\n     6  06e4d738c36c74f8c7d6811858ae7123  aa\/404_ipList.txt\n#\n# cat my.md5 | sort\n06e4d738c36c74f8c7d6811858ae7123  aa\/404_ipList.txt\n252700d91ddb9d1cc4d8fd7907300a80  aa\/delegated-apnic-latest\n2befccb3ee74b9540e06e9367b410f62  aa\/test.sh\n81ee36494bd6885313e61992e0ee5d1e  aa\/calc_subnet.sh\nf8595be2cb014549c5a2749e44b26153  aa\/time_df.awk\nff2d1296bf8fec4ed6d038cda1541d9f  aa\/blockIP.sh\n#\n# cat my.md5 | sort -k 2\n06e4d738c36c74f8c7d6811858ae7123  aa\/404_ipList.txt\nff2d1296bf8fec4ed6d038cda1541d9f  aa\/blockIP.sh\n81ee36494bd6885313e61992e0ee5d1e  aa\/calc_subnet.sh\n252700d91ddb9d1cc4d8fd7907300a80  aa\/delegated-apnic-latest\n2befccb3ee74b9540e06e9367b410f62  aa\/test.sh\nf8595be2cb014549c5a2749e44b26153  aa\/time_df.awk<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u672a\u5b8c\u5f85\u7eed\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6>\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.yangzhiping.com\/tech\/datashell.html\" target=\"_blank\">\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5e38\u7528Unix\u547d\u4ee4<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.linuxsong.org\/2011\/07\/linux-text-tool\/\" target=\"_blank\">Linux\u4e0b\u5e38\u7528\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u547d\u4ee4<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/51linux\/archive\/2012\/05\/23\/2515299.html\" target=\"_blank\">linux sort \u547d\u4ee4\u8be6\u89e3<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0cLinux\/Unix\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u54f2\u5b66\u662f\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5404\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u4f3c\u642d\u79ef\u6728\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u7ec4\u88c5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,12],"tags":[74,290,291,76,88,78,292,293,294],"class_list":["post-866","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","category-tools","tag-awk","tag-cat","tag-cut","tag-paste","tag-rev","tag-sed","tag-sort","tag-tac","tag-uniq"],"views":4585,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/866","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=866"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/866\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=866"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=866"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ixyzero.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=866"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}