如何用Python获取Linux用户的$HOME目录？

搜索关键字：linux python get $HOME

参考解答：

import os
os.path.expanduser('~')

import os, pwd
pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid()).pw_dir

import os
os.getenv('HOME')

参考链接：

• https://docs.python.org/2/library/os.path.html#os.path.expanduser
• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2668909/how-to-find-the-real-user-home-directory-using-python
• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4028904/how-to-get-the-home-directory-in-python

如何用Python获取主机名(hostname)？

搜索关键字：python get hostname

import socket
print socket.gethostname()

import platform
platform.node()

import os
os.getenv('HOSTNAME')
os.environ['HOSTNAME']

import os
myhost = os.uname()[1]

参考链接：

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4271740/how-can-i-use-python-to-get-the-system-hostname

用Python获取日期字符串

import datetime
yesterday = str(datetime.date.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=1))

Python的try catch finally用法

搜索关键字：

• python file open error try finally
• python try except finally

参考链接：

• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8774830/how-with-is-better-than-try-catch-to-open-a-file-in-python
• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7777456/python-tryexceptfinally
• https://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/errors.html
• https://wiki.python.org/moin/HandlingExceptions
• http://ixyzero.com/blog/archives/1594.html
• =
• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9282967/how-to-open-a-file-using-the-open-with-statement

Python的 socket.gethostbyname_ex 的异常如何捕获？

• https://docs.python.org/2/library/socket.html#socket.gaierror     #except socket.gaierror:
• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13413258/how-do-i-catch-an-exception-for-a-module-that-ive-not-fully-imported

==

• https://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#str.join
• https://docs.python.org/2/library/string.html#string.join
• =
• Powerful Python One-Liners – Python Wiki

==

Python中的某一行太长怎么办？

搜索关键字：

site:stackoverflow.com Python multi lines

参考链接：

• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10660435/pythonic-way-to-create-a-long-multi-line-string
• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14417571/breaking-a-line-of-python-to-multiple-lines
• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/53162/how-can-i-do-a-line-break-line-continuation-in-python
• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4172448/is-it-possible-to-break-a-long-line-to-multiple-lines-in-python
• http://seanlin.logdown.com/posts/210861-python-idioms-8-too-long
• https://docs.python.org/2/reference/lexical_analysis.html#implicit-line-joining
• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/181530/python-style-multiple-line-conditions-in-ifs

以HTML形式查看pydoc的方法

CMD_prompt> python -m pydoc -p 7777

7777为本机端口号，也可改成其他端口号；然后浏览器中访问 http://localhost:{端口号}/ ，如 http://localhost:7777/ 即可

命令行解释：

• -m pydoc #打开pydoc模块，pydoc是查看python文档的首选工具
• -p 7777 #表示在7777端口上启动server

检查 字符串needle 是否有特定的结尾

惯用（生成器表达式）：

if any(needle.endswith(e) for e in ('ly', 'ed', 'ing', 'ers')):
    print('Is valid')
else:
    print('Invalid')

非惯用（列表生成式）：

if any([needle.endswith(e) for e in ('ly', 'ed', 'ing', 'ers')]):
    print('Is valid')
else:
print('Invalid')

Python反模式：从”坏代码”中学习最佳实践

http://docs.quantifiedcode.com/python-anti-patterns/index.html

=-=

StackExchange上和Python相关的一些问答

• http://programmers.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/python?sort=votes&pageSize=15
• http://programmers.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/algorithms?sort=votes&pageSize=15
• http://programmers.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/programming-practices?sort=votes&pageSize=15
• http://programmers.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/database-design?sort=votes&pageSize=15
• http://programmers.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/security?sort=votes&pageSize=15

合理使用Python对象提高性能、速度

搜索关键字：

• Python Complexity
• Python speed Complexity
• Python performance Complexity
• Python Efficiency
• Python idioms performance
• Python idioms speed
• Python idioms Complexity

参考链接：

• Python Idioms and Efficiency 1/28/07 by Patrice Neff – Memonic
• PythonSpeed – Python Wiki
• PythonSpeed/PerformanceTips
• TimeComplexity – Python Wiki
• Complexity of Python Operations
• =
• http://www.jeffknupp.com/blog/2012/10/04/writing-idiomatic-python/
• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7165465/optimizing-python-code
• =
• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/231767/what-does-the-yield-keyword-do-in-python