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• linux lsof search by filename

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很早之前我就听说过lsof命令，也尝试着去学习使用，但记得在碰到了几个没法解释的问题之后我就放弃了学习，现在因为又碰到了（发现在StackOverflow上也有人碰到了和我之前碰到的类似的问题），就再看看：

I’m using linux mint 13 xfce and I have a file named named wv.gold that I’m trying to check in bash if it’s open by any program (for instance, I opened it in sublime-text and gedit)

In many forums people say that if I run lsof | grep filename I should get 0 if it’s open or 256(1) if it’s closed, but in fact I get nothing (empty string) if I run using grep “wv.gold”, and get a little list if I do it using grep gold.

The list is something like:

bash       2045  user   cwd   DIR   8,1     4096     658031 /home/user/path/to/dir
bash       2082  user   cwd   DIR   8,1     4096     658031 /home/user/path/to/dir
watch      4463  user   cwd   DIR   8,1     4096     658031 /home/user/path/to/dir
gedit     16679  user   cwd   DIR   8,1     4096     658031 /home/user/path/to/dir
lsof      20823  user   cwd   DIR   8,1     4096     658031 /home/user/path/to/dir
grep      20824  user   cwd   DIR   8,1     4096     658031 /home/user/path/to/dir
lsof      20825  user   cwd   DIR   8,1     4096     658031 /home/user/path/to/dir

Thus, I get the path to the directory it is but NOT the path to the file (there are other files there) and either way only to gedit process, not to sublime-text process.（可以看到gedit，但看不到sublime-text进程）

Is there some easy way to see if a txt file is opened by any other program?

EDIT: It turns out (cf. comments from @mata and @ctn) that some editors load files and close them immediately, and they just reopen the file when saving it. This way, we can only see it when they are still opening a big file (since you have the time to observe it while opening) and it disappears immediately after that.（因为某些编辑器在加载了文件之后立即关闭fd，当需要保存的时候才会再次打开。因此我们只有在打开非常大的文件时才会看到对应的fd，在打开了之后就看不到了。）

==

另外一个查看方式就是——已知进程ID，然后通过/proc文件系统进行查看：

• ls -l /proc/<pid>/fd
• ls -l /proc/<pid>/fdinfo

==

$ lsof /path/to/filename
$ lsof | grep filename

$ lsof -p <PID>

$ lsof -u<login>
or
$ lsof -u<User ID number>

$ lsof -u ^root
or
$ lsof -u ^0

==

#!/bin/bash
lsof <file_system_name> > /dev/null 2>&1
if test $? -eq 0; then
  echo "<file_system_name> may have no users."
else
  echo "<file_system_name> has some users."
fi

==

参考链接：

• http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17321930/check-if-file-is-open-with-lsof  #解惑
• http://linux.die.net/man/8/lsof  #手册
• http://www.akadia.com/services/lsof_quickstart.txt
• http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/60422/how-to-interpret-this-output-of-lsof-command  #对lsof命令输出的解释
• http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/aix/library/au-lsof.html  #全面
• http://www.tecmint.com/10-lsof-command-examples-in-linux/  #样例
• https://danielmiessler.com/study/lsof/
• http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2012/08/lsof-command-examples/