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缘由：
直接使用 HttpClient 进行 HTTPS 请求，会由于证书问题导致请求失败，但大部分时候我们对证书的真实性/有效性其实并不关注，可以采用忽略证书校验的方式（通过重写X509TrustManager的验证方法，取消检测SSL）来实现对 HTTPS 请求的访问（如果有证书及其密码的话，也可以采用信任证书的方式实现HTTPS请求的正常发起）。
正文：
参考解答：
直接放测试好的代码吧，方便修改使用：
package com.ixyzero.learn.utils;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* Created by ixyzero on 2019/11/30.
*/
public class HttpClientService {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientService.class);
private static final int SUCCESS_CODE = 200;
/**
* 发送GET请求
* @param url
* @param nameValuePairList
* @return 字符串
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String sendGet(String url, List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList) throws Exception{
CloseableHttpClient client = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try{
/**
* 创建HttpClient对象
*/
client = HttpClients.createDefault();
/**
* 创建URIBuilder
*/
URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(url);
/**
* 设置参数
*/
if (nameValuePairList != null) {
uriBuilder.addParameters(nameValuePairList);
}
/**
* 创建HttpGet
*/
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uriBuilder.build());
/**
* 设置请求头部编码
*/
httpGet.setHeader(new BasicHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8"));
/**
* 设置返回编码
*/
httpGet.setHeader(new BasicHeader("Accept", "text/plain;charset=utf-8"));
/**
* 请求服务
*/
response = client.execute(httpGet);
/**
* 获取响应吗
*/
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (SUCCESS_CODE == statusCode){
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"UTF-8");
return result;
}else{
LOGGER.error("HttpClientService-statusCode: {}", statusCode);
}
}catch (Exception e){
LOGGER.error("HttpClientService-Exception: {}", e);
} finally {
response.close();
client.close();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 发送POST请求
* @param url
* @param nameValuePairList
* @return 字符串
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String sendPost(String url, List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList) throws Exception{
CloseableHttpClient client = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try{
client = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
StringEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairList, "UTF-8");
post.setEntity(entity);
post.setHeader(new BasicHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8"));
post.setHeader(new BasicHeader("Accept", "text/plain;charset=utf-8"));
response = client.execute(post);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (SUCCESS_CODE == statusCode){
String result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
return result;
}else{
LOGGER.error("HttpClientService-statusCode：{}", statusCode);
}
}catch (Exception e){
LOGGER.error("HttpClientService-Exception：{}", e);
}finally {
response.close();
client.close();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 组织请求参数{参数名和参数值下标保持一致}
* @param params 参数名数组
* @param values 参数值数组
* @return 参数对象
*/
public static List<NameValuePair> getParams(Object[] params, Object[] values){
/**
* 校验参数合法性
*/
boolean flag = params.length>0 && values.length>0 && params.length == values.length;
if (flag) {
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList = new ArrayList<>();
for(int i=0; i<params.length; i++) {
nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(params[i].toString(),values[i].toString()));
}
return nameValuePairList;
} else {
LOGGER.error("HttpClientService-errorMsg：{}", "请求参数为空/参数长度不一致");
}
return null;
}
public static String sendHttpsGet(String url, List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList) throws Exception{
CloseableHttpClient client = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try{
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = ConnectionManagerBuilder();
client = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager).build();
URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(url);
if (nameValuePairList != null) {
uriBuilder.addParameters(nameValuePairList);
}
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uriBuilder.build());
httpGet.setHeader(new BasicHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8"));
httpGet.setHeader(new BasicHeader("Accept", "text/plain;charset=utf-8"));
response = client.execute(httpGet);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (SUCCESS_CODE == statusCode){
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
return result;
} else {
LOGGER.error("HttpClientService-errorCode: {}, errorMsg{}", statusCode, "GET请求失败！");
}
}catch (Exception e){
LOGGER.error("HttpClientService-Exception: {}", e);
} finally {
response.close();
client.close();
}
return null;
}
public static String sendHttpsPost(String url, List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList) throws Exception{
CloseableHttpClient client = null;
CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
try{
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = ConnectionManagerBuilder();
client = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connManager).build();
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
StringEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairList, "UTF-8");
post.setEntity(entity);
post.setHeader(new BasicHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8"));
post.setHeader(new BasicHeader("Accept", "text/plain;charset=utf-8"));
response = client.execute(post);
int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (SUCCESS_CODE == statusCode){
String result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8");
return result;
}else{
LOGGER.error("HttpClientService-statusCode：{}", statusCode);
}
}catch (Exception e){
LOGGER.error("HttpClientService-Exception：{}", e);
}finally {
response.close();
client.close();
}
return null;
}
public static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager ConnectionManagerBuilder() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
// 实现一个X509TrustManager接口，用于绕过验证，不用修改里面的方法
X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate,
String paramString) throws CertificateException {
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate,
String paramString) throws CertificateException {
}
@Override
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
};
sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { trustManager }, null);
// 设置协议http和https对应的处理socket链接工厂的对象
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
.register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.INSTANCE)
.register("https", new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext))
.build();
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
return connManager;
}
public static SSLContext createIgnoreVerifySSL() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException {
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
// 实现一个X509TrustManager接口，用于绕过验证，不用修改里面的方法
X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate,
String paramString) throws CertificateException {
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] paramArrayOfX509Certificate,
String paramString) throws CertificateException {
}
@Override
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
};
sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { trustManager }, null);
return sslContext;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String url = "https://ixyzero.com/blog/awk_sed.txt";
// 参数值
Object [] params = new Object[]{"param1","param2"};
// 参数名
Object [] values = new Object[]{"value1","value2"};
// 获取参数对象
List<NameValuePair> paramsList = HttpClientService.getParams(params, values);
// 发送get
String result = null;
try {
result = sendGet(url, paramsList);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("GET返回信息：\n" + result);
// 发送get
result = null;
try {
// result = sendHttpsGet(url, paramsList);
result = sendHttpsGet(url, null);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("[HTTPS]GET返回信息：\n" + result);
// 发送post
url = "https://httpbin.org/post";
result = null;
try {
result = sendPost(url, paramsList);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("POST返回信息：\n" + result);
// 发送post
url = "https://ixyzero.com/blog/wp-comments-post.php";
result = null;
try {
result = sendHttpsPost(url, paramsList);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("[HTTPS]POST返回信息：\n" + result);
}
}
参考链接：
轻松把玩HttpClient之配置ssl，采用绕过证书验证实现https
https://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxian8023/article/details/49865335
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