因为在网上看到一篇文章：python清除pyc文件的脚本，而我也有收集脚本的习惯（并在此基础上对脚本进行适当修改以符合自己的功能需求），稍微修改了一下代码，测试通过，并且可以再稍微修改一下代码实现删除指定后缀的文件：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os
import fnmatch
import sys
def clearFile(root, patterns='*', single_level=False, yield_folders=False):
"""
root : 需要遍历的目录
patterns : 需要查找的文件，以';'为分割的字符串
single_level : 是否只遍历单层目录，默认为否
yield_folders : 是否包含目录本身，默认为否
"""
patterns = patterns.split(';')
for path, subdirs, files in os.walk(root):
if yield_folders:
files.extend(subdirs)
files.sort()
for name in files:
for pattern in patterns:
if fnmatch.fnmatch(name, pattern.strip()): # 去除pattern两端的空格
yield os.path.join(path, name)
if single_level:
break
if __name__ == '__main__':
if 2 == len(sys.argv):
#print os.path.join(os.getcwd(), sys.argv[1])
print u"参数检查正确"
else:
print "ntUsage: python "+sys.argv[0]+" directory"
sys.exit(0)
directory = sys.argv[1].strip()
for path in clearFile(directory, '*.pyc'):
# for path in clearFile(directory, sys.argv[2]):
print path
os.remove(path)
主要用到的是fnmatch模块来进行的文件名的匹配。
fnmatch模块的一些简单介绍：
In [2]: import fnmatch
In [3]: fnmatch.
fnmatch.filter fnmatch.fnmatch fnmatch.fnmatchcase fnmatch.re fnmatch.translate
In [3]: fnmatch.fnm
fnmatch.fnmatch fnmatch.fnmatchcase
In [3]: fnmatch.fnmatch?
Type: function
String form: <function fnmatch at 0x027751B0>
File: c:python27libfnmatch.py
Definition: fnmatch.fnmatch(name, pat)
Docstring:
Test whether FILENAME matches PATTERN.
Patterns are Unix shell style:
* matches everything
? matches any single character
[seq] matches any character in seq
[!seq] matches any char not in seq
An initial period in FILENAME is not special.
Both FILENAME and PATTERN are first case-normalized
if the operating system requires it.
If you don't want this, use fnmatchcase(FILENAME, PATTERN).
In [4]: fnmatch.re?
Type: module
String form: <module 're' from 'C:Python27libre.pyc'>
File: c:python27libre.py
Docstring:
Support for regular expressions (RE).
This module provides regular expression matching operations similar to
those found in Perl. It supports both 8-bit and Unicode strings; both
the pattern and the strings being processed can contain null bytes and
characters outside the US ASCII range.
Regular expressions can contain both special and ordinary characters.
Most ordinary characters, like "A", "a", or "0", are the simplest
regular expressions; they simply match themselves. You can
concatenate ordinary characters, so last matches the string 'last'.
The special characters are:
"." Matches any character except a newline.
"^" Matches the start of the string.
"$" Matches the end of the string or just before the newline at
the end of the string.
"*" Matches 0 or more (greedy) repetitions of the preceding RE.
Greedy means that it will match as many repetitions as possible.
"+" Matches 1 or more (greedy) repetitions of the preceding RE.
"?" Matches 0 or 1 (greedy) of the preceding RE.
*?,+?,?? Non-greedy versions of the previous three special characters.
{m,n} Matches from m to n repetitions of the preceding RE.
{m,n}? Non-greedy version of the above.
"\" Either escapes special characters or signals a special sequence.
[] Indicates a set of characters.
A "^" as the first character indicates a complementing set.
"|" A|B, creates an RE that will match either A or B.
(...) Matches the RE inside the parentheses.
The contents can be retrieved or matched later in the string.
(?iLmsux) Set the I, L, M, S, U, or X flag for the RE (see below).
(?:...) Non-grouping version of regular parentheses.
(?P<name>...) The substring matched by the group is accessible by name.
(?P=name) Matches the text matched earlier by the group named name.
(?#...) A comment; ignored.
(?=...) Matches if ... matches next, but doesn't consume the string.
(?!...) Matches if ... doesn't match next.
(?<=...) Matches if preceded by ... (must be fixed length).
(?<!...) Matches if not preceded by ... (must be fixed length).
(?(id/name)yes|no) Matches yes pattern if the group with id/name matched,
the (optional) no pattern otherwise.
The special sequences consist of "\" and a character from the list
below. If the ordinary character is not on the list, then the
resulting RE will match the second character.
number Matches the contents of the group of the same number.
A Matches only at the start of the string.
Z Matches only at the end of the string.
b Matches the empty string, but only at the start or end of a word.
B Matches the empty string, but not at the start or end of a word.
d Matches any decimal digit; equivalent to the set [0-9].
D Matches any non-digit character; equivalent to the set [^0-9].
s Matches any whitespace character; equivalent to [ tnrfv].
S Matches any non-whitespace character; equiv. to [^ tnrfv].
w Matches any alphanumeric character; equivalent to [a-zA-Z0-9_].
With LOCALE, it will match the set [0-9_] plus characters defined
as letters for the current locale.
W Matches the complement of w.
\ Matches a literal backslash.
This module exports the following functions:
match Match a regular expression pattern to the beginning of a string.
search Search a string for the presence of a pattern.
sub Substitute occurrences of a pattern found in a string.
subn Same as sub, but also return the number of substitutions made.
split Split a string by the occurrences of a pattern.
findall Find all occurrences of a pattern in a string.
finditer Return an iterator yielding a match object for each match.
compile Compile a pattern into a RegexObject.
purge Clear the regular expression cache.
escape Backslash all non-alphanumerics in a string.
Some of the functions in this module takes flags as optional parameters:
I IGNORECASE Perform case-insensitive matching.
L LOCALE Make w, W, b, B, dependent on the current locale.
M MULTILINE "^" matches the beginning of lines (after a newline)
as well as the string.
"$" matches the end of lines (before a newline) as well
as the end of the string.
S DOTALL "." matches any character at all, including the newline.
X VERBOSE Ignore whitespace and comments for nicer looking RE's.
U UNICODE Make w, W, b, B, dependent on the Unicode locale.
This module also defines an exception 'error'.
In [5]: